偏离“欧洲化”:身份管理策略视角下的土耳其外交转型  

Deviation from“Europeanization”:Turkey’s Diplomatic Transformation from the Perspective of Identity Management Strategy

作　　者：曾向红[1,2] 张峻溯 ZENG Xianghong;ZHANG Junsu

机构地区：[1]兰州大学中亚研究所 [2]兰州大学政治与国际关系学院

出　　处：《欧洲研究》2022年第1期136-162,I0005,共28页Chinese Journal of European Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金专项重大项目(项目编号:21VGQ010)的阶段性成果;兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费定向探索项目(项目编号:21lzujbkydx003)的资助。

摘　　要：自冷战结束以来,土耳其与欧洲的关系渐行渐远,呈现出偏离“欧洲化”的趋势。通过借鉴社会认同理论中有关身份地位管理策略的相关研究,或可对土耳其偏离“欧洲化”的演变过程及其原因做出新的解释。本文以群体边界的可渗透性、强势群体对弱势群体身份改造的态度作为自变量,重构了一个有关弱势身份群体面对强势身份群体的身份管理策略分析框架,并借此对冷战以来土耳其对欧政策的演变历程进行解释。土耳其在面对欧盟时,其身份管理策略经历了身份融入、身份护持、身份创造和身份竞争四个阶段。未来,在西方国家持续对土耳其施加新制裁,以及国内政治改革不断被西方国家否定的背景下,土耳其在面对欧盟时将进一步强化身份竞争策略,其国家身份中的“泛突厥”和伊斯兰属性将会有更多的体现。Since the Cold War, the relationships between Turkey and Europe have gradually drifted a-part, showing a trend of deviation from “Europeanization”. With the help of the related re-searches on identity management strategy of social identity theory, it may be possible to givea new explanation to the specific evolution process of Turkey’s deviation from “Europeani-zation”. Taking the permeability of the group boundaries and the attitude of the advantagedgroup towards the identity transformation of the disadvantaged group as two separate varia-bles, this paper reconstructs an analytical framework for the identity management strategy ofthe disadvantaged group in the face of the advantaged group, and explains the evolution ofTurkey’s European policy since the Cold War. In dealing its relationship with the EU, Tur-key’s identity management strategy has gone through four stages: identity integration, iden-tity protection, identity creation and identity competition. Under the future circumstancewhere the western countries will continue to impose new sanctions on Turkey and constantlydeny Turkey’s domestic political reforms, Turkey will further strengthen its identity compe-tition strategy and the “Pan-Turkic” and Islamic attributes in its national identity will be-come more prominent.

关 键 词：土耳其外交 欧盟 “欧洲化” 身份管理策略 社会认同 

分 类 号：D837.4[政治法律—政治学]