云南省2013—2018年肾综合征出血热宿主动物监测分析  

Surveillance and analysis on host animals of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Yunnan from 2013 to 2018

作　　者：周济华[1] 张云智[1] 韩茜[1] 杨丽芬 杨卫红[1] 冯云[1] 潘虹[1] 章域震[1] 王娟 黄文丽[1] ZHOU Ji-hua;ZHANG Yun-zhi;HAN Xi;YANG Li-fen;YANG Wei-hong;FENG Yun;PAN Hong;ZHANG Yu-zhen;WANG Juan;HUANG Wen-li(Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control and Prevention,Dali 671000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省地方病防治所,大理671000

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第4期340-344,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：徐建国院士工作站(2019YS07)。

摘　　要：目的分析2013—2018年云南省肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)监测点宿主动物分布特点及其自然感染汉坦病毒(Hanta virus,HTV)的状况,为防控HFRS提供科学依据。方法在云南省泸西、祥云、禄丰和大姚县的居住区和野外采用笼夜法和夹夜法捕鼠。用直接免疫荧光法检测鼠肺HTV抗原。使用Excel 2007与SPSS 20.0软件处理数据和系统分析。结果2013—2018年在上述4个监测县共布放鼠夹66716夹次,捕获鼠型动物2506只,平均鼠密度为3.76%。其中居住区鼠密度3.34%,野外鼠密度4.35%,居住区和野外鼠密度差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=45.943,P<0.01)。居住区共捕鼠8种,优势鼠种为褐家鼠,HTV带病毒率为9.22%;野外捕鼠26种,优势鼠种为大绒鼠,HTV带病毒率14.83%。结论云南省HFRS监测点主要宿主动物密度和带病毒率均较高,仍需加强以防鼠灭鼠为主的综合防控,并在重点地区落实开展国家HFRS扩大免疫规划项目工作。Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of host animals and corresponding natural infection of Hanta virus(HTV)in monitoring sites for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS)in Yunnan from 2013 to 2018,and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of HFRS.Methods Night caging and night trapping techniques were used in both residential and wild habitats in the following four monitoring counties of Yunnan including Luxi,Xiangyun,Lufeng and Dayao.Rat lungs were examined for HTV antigens by direct immunofluorescence assay.Excel 2007 and SPSS 20.0 were applied to process the data and perform systemic analysis.Results A total of 66716 traps were placed on the above four monitoring countries from 2013 to 2018,and 2506 rodents with average density of rodents in 3.76%were captured.Wherein,the rodent density in the residential habitat and wild habitat were 3.34%and 4.35%,respectively.The difference in residential habitat and wild habitat was statistically significant(χ^(2)=45.943,P<0.01).Eight species of rodents were captured in residential habitat,Rattus norvegicus was the predominant species with a carrying rate of HTV in 9.22%.Twenty-six species of rodents were acquired from wild habitats,and Eothenomys miletus was predominant species with the rate of HTV in 14.83%.Conclusion Both the density of major host animals of HTV and carrying rate of HTV are high at the monitoring sites of Yunnan,the comprehensive prevention and control of HFRS remain being strengthened,and expanded immunization program of national HFRS should be implemented in key areas.

关 键 词：肾综合征出血热 宿主动物 汉坦病毒 自然感染 监测 

分 类 号：R512.8[医药卫生—内科学]