2015—2020年绵阳市涪城区流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Fucheng District,Mianyang from 2015 to 2020

作　　者：鲁新华 向仁强 李洁 任涛[1] 张先德 刘金玉[1] LU Xin-hua;XIANG Ren-qiang;LI Jie;REN Tao;ZHANG Xian-de;LIU Jin-yu(Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fucheng District,Mianyang City,Sichuan 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]绵阳市涪城区疾病预防控制中心,四川621000

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第3期262-264,270,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：中央和地方补助项目(川财社[2020]08)。

摘　　要：目的了解2015—2020年绵阳市涪城区流行性腮腺炎(流腮)的流行病学特征,为流腮防制提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析2015—2020年绵阳市涪城区流腮发病时间、城乡(地区)、人群(年龄、性别、职业)分布特征。结果2015—2020年绵阳市涪城区共报告流腮病例1207例,无死亡病例,无暴发疫情,年均报告发病率为36.22/10万,不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=204.84,P<0.01)。城区报告897例(74.32%),发病率为37.18/10万,乡镇报告310例(25.68%),发病率为33.70/10万,城区发病率与乡镇发病率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.23,P>0.05)。发病时间以9月—次年1月为主,4—6月次之,分别报告600例(49.71%)、347例(28.75%),形成两个发病高峰。发病年龄以>3~6岁组为主,>6~15岁组次之,两年龄组发病率分别为678.43/10万、120.02/10万,不同年龄组发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12624.07,P<0.01)。男性发病700例(58.00%),发病率为41.64/10万;女性发病507例(42.00%),发病率为30.70/10万,男女发病比1.38∶1,男性发病率高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=27.57,P<0.01)。职业以托幼儿童发病为主,中小学生次之,分别报告770例(63.80%)、268例(22.20%)。结论应重点加强托幼儿童和中小学生腮腺炎疫苗接种,加强流腮病例的监测,及时发现疫情,采取有效控制措施,防止疫情暴发和流行。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Fucheng District,Mianyang City from 2015 to 2020,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of mumps.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the time of onset,urban and rural areas(regions),and population(age,sex,occupation)distribution characteristics of mumps from 2015 to 2020 in Fucheng District,Mianyang City.Results From 2015 to 2020,a total of 1207 cases of mumps were reported in Fucheng District,Mianyang City,with no deaths or outbreaks.The average annual reported incidence rate was 36.22/100000,and the difference in incidence rates between different years was statistically significant(χ^(2)=204.84,P<0.01).897 cases(74.32%)were reported in urban areas,with an incidence rate of 37.18/100000,and 310 cases(25.68%)were reported in towns and villages,with an incidence rate of 33.70/100000.There was no statistically significant difference between the incidence rates in urban areas and the incidence rate in villages and towns(χ^(2)=2.23,P>0.05).The onset time of the disease was mainly from September to January of the following year,followed by April to June.600 cases(49.71%)and 347 cases(28.75%)were reported,respectively.Two peaks of the disease incidences were formed.The reported age group of onset was mainly>3 to 6 years old,followed by>6 to 15 years old.The incidence rates were 678.43/100000 and 120.02/100000 in the two age groups,respectively.The difference in incidence in different age groups was statistically significant(χ^(2)=12624.07,P<0.01).700 cases(58.00%)were male,and the incidence rate was 41.64/100000;507 cases(42.00%)were female,and the incidence rate was 30.70/100000.The incidence ratio of male-to-female was 1.38∶1.The incidence rate of male was higher than that of female,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=27.57,P<0.01);the occupation was mainly in kindergarten children,followed by primary and middle school students,with 770 cases reported respectively(63.

关 键 词：流行性腮腺炎 腮腺炎病毒 腮腺肿大 发病率 流行病学特征 腮腺炎疫苗 分析 

分 类 号：R512.1[医药卫生—内科学]