突发事件下供货信息不对称时的供应链激励策略  

Supply Chain Incentive Strategy Based on Asymmetric Information of Supply Effort Level in Emergencies

作　　者：徐琪[1] 黄凤芝 XU Qi;HUANG Feng-zhi(Glorious Sun School of Business and Management,Donghua University,Shanghai 200051)

机构地区：[1]东华大学旭日工商管理学院,上海200051

出　　处：《供应链管理》2022年第3期5-21,共17页SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“平台供应链全流程价值共创协调与激励机制研究”(21BGL014);国家自然科学基金重点项目“分享经济环境下企业运营与资源配置理论研究”(71832001);上海市软科学重点项目“新冠疫情对我国产业供应链的影响及对策研究”(20692104100)。

摘　　要：突发事件对各行业供应链都产生着巨大的冲击,如受新冠疫情影响,全球芯片减产导致部分车型出现了停产的状况,严重影响了汽车行业的正常发展。文章针对突发事件造成的供应中断情况,考虑制造商的风险态度和供货努力水平信息不对称情形,构建零售商与制造商之间的委托代理模型,探讨供应链激励契约设计问题,分析零售商实施监管以实现供应链利润提升的成本控制条件;并考虑零售商与制造商的互惠行为,探讨突发事件下决策者实施互惠行为以实现帕累托改进的临界条件。研究结果表明:突发事件造成供应中断且制造商努力水平信息不对称时,零售商需设计与产量水平相关的激励支付来促使制造商生产更多的产品,该激励支付随制造商风险厌恶程度的增大而减小;面对互惠公平偏好(责任感)越强的制造商,零售商应实施互惠行为且表现出更多的善意,以获取更多的效益提升。Emergencies have a profound and long-term impact on the supply chain of all industries.For example,the global chip shortage led to the production halt of some models,which seriously affected the normal development of the automobile industry due to the influence of COVID-19 outbreak.Based on emergency supply disruptions,consider the manufacturer's risk attitude and supply level asymmetric information situation,to build the principal-agent model between retailers and manufacturers,to explore the supply chain incentive contract design problem,analysis the retailer regulation cost control condition to achieve supply chain profit promotion;Considering the reciprocal behavior between a retailer and a manufacturer,the critical condition for the decision maker to implement reciprocal behavior to achieve paretoimprovement is discussed.The results show that when the supply interruption is caused by an emergency and the information of the manufacturer's effort level is asymmetric,the retailer needs to design incentive payment related to the output level to encourage the manufacturer to produce more products,and the incentive payment decreases with the increase of the manufacturer's risk aversion.In the face of manufacturers with stronger reciprocity and fairness preference(sense of responsibility),retailers should implement reciprocity behavior and show more sincerity in order to obtain more benefits.

关 键 词：突发事件 信息不对称 风险厌恶 委托代理模型 互惠行为 

分 类 号：F252.24[经济管理—国民经济]