典型内陆湖泊沉积物氮、磷和重金属分布特征及生态风险评价——以武汉市武湖为例  

Distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of nitrogen,phosphorus and heavy metals in sediments of typical inland lakes:A case study of Wuhu Lake in Wuhan

作　　者：何军[1] 李福林[1] 陶良 张傲[1] 赵永波 HE Jun;LI Fulin;TAO Liang;ZHANG Ao;ZHAO Yongbo(Wuhan Center, China Geological Survey, Hubei Wuhan 430205, China;Wuhan Geomatics Institute, Hubei Wuhan 430022, China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局武汉地质调查中心,湖北武汉430205 [2]武汉市测绘研究院,湖北武汉430022

出　　处：《中国地质调查》2022年第2期110-118,共9页Geological Survey of China

基　　金：中国地质调查局“武汉多要素城市地质调查(编号:DD20190282)”项目资助。

摘　　要：城市内陆型湖泊湿地对城市生态系统具有重要的作用。以武汉市武湖为例,采用数理统计、营养盐指数、地累积指数和潜在生态风险指数等方法,对武湖表层沉积物中的氮、磷、有机质和重金属的平面分布特征、影响因素、富集污染程度、生态风险进行评价。结果表明武湖西北部表层沉积物中总氮、总磷和有机质的含量明显高于东南部,武湖周边地表径流和农田是营养元素的主要来源,旱地较水田有利于沉积物中总磷的富集;武湖沉积物中有机质为内源水生植物和外源陆生植物的混合来源,与总氮具显著正相关关系;沉积物中重金属含量总体较低,局部呈现高镉,平面上总体北部高于南部;沉积物中重金属富集程度和潜在风险较低,局部地区镉和铅为轻微富集,镉和汞具中等潜在风险;沉积物的潜在生态风险为低至中等,潜在生态风险与沉积物中镉的分布高度一致。Urban inland lake wetland is important for urban ecosystem.The authors in this paper have taken Wuhu Lake of Wuhan as an example to evaluate distribution characteristics,influencing factors,enrichment pollution degree and ecological risk of nitrogen,phosphorus,organic matter and heavy metals in surface sediments by mathematical statistics,nutrient index,geoaccumulation index and potential ecological risk.The results show that the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and organic matter in the surface sediments in the northwest of Wuhu Lake were significantly higher than those in the southeast.The surface runoff and farmland may be main sources of nutrients around Wuhu Lake,and the paddy field was more conducive to the enrichment of total phosphorus in sedimentary.The mixed sources of organic matter in the sedimentary were endogenous aquatic plants and exogenous terrestrial plants,displaying a significant positive correlation with total nitrogen.The content of heavy metals in the sedimentary was generally low,with high Cd content in local parts,and the content is generally higher in the north than in the south.The enrichment and potential risk of heavy metals in sedimentary were generally low,with low enrichment of Cd and Pb in local parts and moderate potential risks of Cd and Hg.The potential ecological risk of sedimentary was low to medium,and the distribution of potential ecological risk is highly consistent with content of Cd in sedimentary.

关 键 词：内陆湖泊 氮 磷 重金属 武湖 

分 类 号：P595[天文地球—地球化学] X171[天文地球—地质学]