基于Landsat 8数据的弓长岭矿区遥感蚀变异常信息提取  

Extraction of Remote Sensing Alteration Anomaly Information Based on Landsat 8 Data in Gongchangling Mining Area

作　　者：宋坤 王恩德[1] 付建飞[1] 姚玉增[1] 孙健 SONG Kun;WANG Ende;FU Jianfei;YAO Yuzeng;SUN Jian(School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Prospecting Techniques,Ministry of Eduction,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]中国海洋大学海底科学与探测技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《金属矿山》2022年第4期149-157,共9页Metal Mine

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2016YFC0801603,2017YFC1503105-3)。

摘　　要：遥感技术可以快速地识别与矿化有关的热液蚀变,并通过高效精准的分析解译为找矿勘查提供帮助。以典型的鞍山式铁矿——弓长岭铁矿为研究对象,采用成像质量较好的Landsat 8 OLI遥感数据源,在遥感图像预处理的基础上,利用羟基矿物和铁染矿物在特定波段的吸收或反射特征,以主成分分析法为主、波段比值法为辅,对研究区遥感蚀变信息进行提取,并对提取的专题信息进行了分析和验证。结果表明:弓长岭地区蚀变异常较分散,铁异常主要分布在矿区中心且向南延展,蚀变信息最强区域为露天采区;羟基异常范围较大,且矿区南部有较多弱异常分布。同时,经蚀变信息提取结果对比分析,在研究区内采用主成分分析法可以有效地抑制干扰信息,提取铁和羟基蚀变信息效果较好。提取结果与研究区内已知矿点吻合较好,证明蚀变信息对矿床有较好的指示意义。Remote sensing techniques can quickly identify hydrothermal alterations related to mineralization and help prospecting and exploration through efficient and accurate analysis and interpretation. The Gongchangling Iron Mine,a typical Anshan-type iron ore was taken as the primary research object in this study. The Landsat 8 OLI remote sensing data with good imaging quality is preprocessed. Based on the absorption and reflection characteristics of hydroxyl alteration minerals and iron dyeing alteration minerals in specific bands,the alteration information was further extracted. The thematic information was analyzed and verified with principal components analysis and the band ratio method. The results show that the alteration anomalies in the Gongchangling area are relatively scattered. The iron anomalies are mainly distributed in the center of the mining area and extended to the south,and the most substantial alteration occurs at the open-pit mining area. The range of hydroxyl alteration anomalies is more extensive than iron dyeing alteration. A large number of weak anomalies are distributed in the south of the mining area. The comparative analysis of the extraction results indicated that the principal components analysis works well on the restraints of interference information and effectively extracts iron and hydroxyl alteration information. The extraction results are consistent well with the ore occurrence at the study area,implying that the alteration information is a good indicator of the ore deposit.

关 键 词：遥感找矿 Landsat 8 主成分分析 铁染异常 羟基异常 弓长岭铁矿 

分 类 号：TD11[矿业工程—矿山地质测量] P614[天文地球—矿床学]