芸芥对4种不同钠盐胁迫耐受性的比较  

Tolerance of Eruca sativa to Stress by Four Types of Salt

作　　者：范惠玲 白生文 姚正良 王娟 任晓燕 陈天元 杨亚莉 FAN Huiling;BAI Shengwen;YAO Zhengliang;WANG Juan;REN Xiaoyan;CHEN Tianyuan;YANG Yali(College of Agriculture and Ecological Engineering,Hexi University,Zhangye,Gansu 734000,China;College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining,Qinghai 810016,China;College of Life and Engineering,Hexi University,Zhangye,Gansu 734000,China;Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhangye,Gansu 734000,China)

机构地区：[1]河西学院农业与生态工程学院,甘肃张掖734000 [2]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016 [3]河西学院生命科学与工程学院,甘肃张掖734000 [4]张掖市农业科学研究院,甘肃张掖734000

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2022年第2期213-223,共11页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金项目(20JR10RG308);甘肃省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202010740024);河西学院教学研究项目(HXXYJY-2020-54)。

摘　　要：【目的】测定芸芥品系在单盐处理下萌发指标的变化,分析芸芥的耐盐极限值和临界值,明确芸芥对4种单盐胁迫耐受性的差异。【方法】以15芸芥4、11芸芥32-1和16芸芥9等3个品系为材料,分别采用浓度为30~300 mmol·L^(−1) NaCl、15~60 mmol·L^(−1) NaHCO_(3)、30~150 mmol·L^(−1) Na_(2)SO_(4)和5~30 mmol·L^(−1) Na_(2)CO_(3)共4种单盐溶液对芸芥种子进行胁迫处理,测定发芽率、发芽指数和胚根长等6个指标,计算耐盐临界值和极限值,采用多指标综合评价芸芥在萌发期对不同钠盐胁迫的耐受程度。【结果】结果表明:(1)4种单盐胁迫下,胚根长的耐盐临界值和耐盐极限值均最小,可作为鉴定芸芥萌发期耐盐性的主要指标;(2)碱性盐Na^(+)≥30 mmol·L^(−1)和中性盐Na^(+)≥180 mmol·L^(−1)时,芸芥种子萌发及幼苗生长受到明显抑制;(3)在NaCl和Na_(2)SO_(4)胁迫下,15芸芥4耐盐性最强,11芸芥32-1居中,16芸芥9最弱;在Na_(2)CO_(3)胁迫下,15芸芥4耐盐性最强,16芸芥9居中,11芸芥32-1最弱;在NaHCO_(3)胁迫下,16芸芥9耐盐性最强,15芸芥4居中,11芸芥32-1最弱;(4)15芸芥4对NaCl、Na_(2)SO_(4)和Na_(2)CO_(3)胁迫的耐性临界值和极限值均最高,其耐性临界值分别为158、88和16.3 mmol·L^(−1),耐性极限值分别为264、130、23 mmol·L^(−1);15芸芥4耐中性盐适应性较广;16芸芥9对NaHCO_(3)胁迫的耐性临界值和极限值均最高,分别为42、64 mmol·L^(−1),该品系耐NaHCO_(3)的适应性较广。【结论】Na_(2)SO_(4)对芸芥种子萌发的抑制效应强于NaCl,Na_(2)CO_(3)对芸芥种子萌发的抑制效应强于NaHCO_(3);芸芥耐NaCl和Na_(2)SO_(4)胁迫次序一致,均表现为15芸芥4>11芸芥32-1>16芸芥9,耐NaHCO_(3)胁迫依次为16芸芥9>15芸芥4>11芸芥32-1,耐Na_(2)CO_(3)胁迫依次为15芸芥4>16芸芥9>11芸芥32-1。【Objectives】Eruca sativa seed germination and seedling tolerance to 4 types of salts were studied in a simulated experimentation for breeding and cultivar selection.【Methods】Three lines of E.sativa cultivars,15 Yunjie 4,11 Yunjie 32-1,and 16 Yunjie 9,under the stress by 4 types of salt in varied concentrations,including 30-300 mmol·L^(−1) NaCl,30-150 mmol·L^(−1) Na_(2)SO_(4),15-60 mmol·L^(−1) NaHCO_(3),and 5-30 mmol·L^(−1) Na_(2)CO_(3),were used in the experimentation.In the prepared media,the rate,potential,and index of seed germination as well as the weight,radicle length,and hypocotyl length of new shoots were determined.The critical salt concentration beyond which irrevocable damage occurred to the plant and the tolerance threshold to stress imposed by a specific salt at which a plant could still revert to normal conditions were obtained for a multiple indicator evaluation on the E.sativa lines.【Results】(1)The least critical concentration and the tolerance threshold to the exposure of individual salt by E.sativa were found when these indicators were gauged by the radical seedling length.Therefore,the measurement was selected for the evaluation.(2)At either the alkaline Na^(+)was greater or equal to 30 mmol·L^(−1) or the neutral Na^(+)greater or equal to 180 mmol·L^(−1),the seed germination and seedling growth were significantly inhibited.(3)Under NaCl or Na_(2)SO_(4) stress,15 Yunjie 4 displayed the strongest tolerance,followed by 11 Yunjie 32-1 and 16 Yunjie 9.On Na_(2)CO_(3),15 Yunjie 4 was most tolerant,which was followed by 16 Yunjie 9 and 11 Yunjie 32-1.NaHCO_(3) was best tolerated by 16 Yunjie 9 and followed by 15 Yunjie 4 and 11 Yunjie 32-1.And(4)among the 3 cultivars,15 Yunjie 4 had the highest critical salt concentrations as well as tolerance thresholds in dealing with the various salts.It showed a threshold at 158 mmol·L^(−1) on NaCl,88 mmol·L^(−1) on Na_(2)SO_(4),and 16.3 mmol·L^(−1) on Na_(2)CO_(3),and a critical concentration on NaCl at 264 mmol·L^(−1),on

关 键 词：芸芥 种子萌发 盐胁迫 耐盐临界值 耐盐极限值 

分 类 号：S332.6[农业科学—作物遗传育种]