不同播种模式和机型的大蒜播种效果试验分析  

Experimental analysis on garlic sowing effect of different sowing modes and models

作　　者：吴小伟 钟志堂 史新明 刘萍 戴尔建 王凯 Wu Xiaowei;Zhong Zhitang;Shi Xinming;Liu Ping;Dai Erjian;Wang Kai(Jiangsu Agricultural Machinery Technology Extension Station,Nanjing,210017,China;Pizhou Agricultural Machinery Technology Extension Station,Xuzhou,221130,China;Siyang Agricultural Machinery Technology Extension Station,Suqian,223700,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业机械技术推广站,南京市210017 [2]邳州市农机推广站,江苏徐州221130 [3]泗阳县农机推广站,江苏宿迁223700

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2022年第4期7-10,145,共5页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：江苏省现代农机装备与技术示范推广项目(NJ2020—26、NJ2019—17、NJ2019—50);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(19)2007)。

摘　　要：针对不同播种模式及不同类型大蒜播种机作业效果差异性不明确现状,开展不同播种模式及机型的播种效果试验。通过在平作、垄作播种模式下的非正芽机播与人工播种方式进行对比,分析蒜头产量、规格及产值变化;通过对正芽机播、非正芽机播、人工播种在平作模式下的产量、规格进行对比,分析不同播种方式下的产出效果。结果表明,在非正芽播种方式下,机械垄作播种较机械平作播种增产9.3%,较人工垄作播种增产7.4%,机械平作播种较人工平作播种增产3.1%;垄作模式蒜径规格增加明显,机播垄作较平作播种方式5 cm及以上蒜径规格增加14.7%。正芽机播较非正芽机播平均增产1.65%,不同型号非正芽播种机产量差异不显著;大蒜横径规格在5 cm及以上时,正芽机播效果最好,占比为85.3%,较非正芽机播平均提高12.3%,非正芽机播与人工播种方式产出规格差异较小。研究结果可为大蒜机械化播种技术与装备选用提供参考。In order to solve the problems of the unclear difference in the effect of different garlic sowing modes and different types of garlic seeders,the sowing effect tests were carried out in this paper.The yield,specification,and output value of garlic were analyzed by comparing the non-positive bud mechanical sowing and artificial sowing methods under flat and ridge sowing modes.The effect of different sowing methods was analyzed by comparing the yield and specifications of positive bud machine sowing,non-positive bud machine sowing,and artificial sowing under flat sowing mode.The results showed that the mechanical ridge modes increased yield by 9.3%compared with flat mechanical modes under non-positive bud sowing,the mechanical ridge modes increased yield by 7.4%compared with artificial under non-positive bud sowing,and the flat mechanical modes increased yield by 3.1%compared with artificial under non-positive bud sowing.The garlic specification increased significantly at ridge sowing mode,and the garlic specification(greater than or equal to 5 cm)of mechanical ridge modes increased by 14.7%compared with flat mechanical modes.The average yield of positive bud machine sowing was 1.65%higher than non-positive bud machine sowing.There is no significant difference between different types of non-positive bud machines in yield.Among the garlic specifications of greater than or equal to 5 cm,the effect of positive bud machine sowing was the best,accounting for 85.3%,which was 12.3%higher than non-positive bud machine sowing.The difference in specifications between non-positive bud machine sowing and artificial sowing was small.The research results can provide references for the selection of garlic mechanized sowing technology and equipment.

关 键 词：大蒜 播种模式 播种方式 产出效果 

分 类 号：S232[农业科学—农业机械化工程]