中国大蒜机械化生产现状与发展思路探讨  

Discussion on the present situation and development of mechanized garlic production in China

作　　者：魏宏玲 王小瑜 陈进熹[1] 崔荣江 Wei Hongling;Wang Xiaoyu;Chen Jinxi;Cui Rongjiang(Hangzhou Vocational&Technical College,Hangzhou,310018,China;Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences,Jinan,250100,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州职业技术学院,杭州市310018 [2]山东省农业机械科学研究院,济南市250100

出　　处：《中国农机化学报》2022年第4期175-182,共8页Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(51805306);杭州职业技术学院高层次人才科研启动项目(HZYGCC202103)。

摘　　要：为提高中国大蒜机械化生产技术,通过梳理近年国内外大蒜生产机械研究现状,包括大蒜破瓣分级设备、大蒜播种机和大蒜收获机,指出大蒜机械化生产中存在传统小行距种植模式与机械联合收获大行距要求不匹配,大蒜破瓣分级标准与播种机排种要求标准不匹配等问题。针对存在问题,提出对主要大蒜品种、种植区域开展宜机化大蒜生产模式研究的思路。最后提出相关建议措施,如政行企三方合作,制定适于机械化生产的大蒜生产标准模式和生产装备设计标准,解决大蒜机械化生产全过程管理无法有效衔接的难题的方法,以及继续进行关键技术攻关和加强知识产权保护等。In order to improve the mechanization of garlic production technology in China,the research status of garlic production machinery at home and abroad in recent years was reviewed,including garlic clove grading equipment,garlic seeder and garlic harvester.It was pointed out that there were some problems in the mechanized garlic production,such as the mismatch between the traditional planting mode with small row spacing and the requirement of mechanical combined harvesting with large row spacing,and the mismatch between the grading standard of garlic cloves and the requirement of seeding machine.In view of the existing problems,this paper put forward the research idea of garlic production mode suitable for mechanization in main garlic varieties and planting areas.Finally,some suggestions were put forward,such as the cooperation between government,industry and enterprises,the formulation of garlic production standard mode and production equipment design standard suitable for mechanized production,the solution to the problem that the whole process management of mechanized production of garlic can not be effectively connected,and continue to tackle key technologies and strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights.

关 键 词：大蒜机械化 大蒜破瓣机 正芽大蒜播种机 平放大蒜播种机 大蒜联合收获机 挖掘式收获机 

分 类 号：S233.75[农业科学—农业机械化工程]