水稻感染干尖线虫后植株表型特征及减损分析  

Phenotypic Characteristics and Depletion of Rice Plants Infected with Rice Stem Tip Nematode

作　　者：王宏宝[1] 董青君 毛佳[1,2] 宛宁 杜小凤 章安康[1] WANG Hongbao;DONG Qingjun;MAO Jia;WAN Ning;DU Xiaofeng;ZHANG Ankang(Huaiyin Agricultural Science Research Institute,Xuhuai District of Jiangsu,Huai'an,Jiangsu 223001,China;Huai'an Agricultural Science and Technology Industry Corporation,Huai'an,Jiangsu 223001,China;Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests,Ministry of Education,College of Plan Protection,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所,江苏淮安,223001 [2]淮安市农业科技实业有限公司,江苏淮安,223001 [3]南京农业大学植物保护学院/农作物生物灾害综合治理教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2022年第4期81-85,共5页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省现代农业(水稻)产业技术体系项目(JATS[2021]207);江苏省第五期“333工程”培养资金资助项目(BRA2020222);淮安市自然科学研究计划项目(HAB201921);淮安市农业科学研究院科研发展基金项目(HNY202122)。

摘　　要：水稻干尖线虫是水稻上重要的寄生线虫,严重危害水稻安全生产,准确识别该病害与病原在制定防控策略方面尤为重要。为了更好地在实际生产中认识水稻干尖线虫田间发生与危害情况,采用水稻干尖线虫病害典型症状识别法和室内线虫镜检法,将试验设定为水稻阴性组、假阴性组和阳性组等3个处理,通过对3个处理组测定其株高、穗头长度、穗粒数、结实数、千粒重及线虫载量等表型特征来分析水稻干尖线虫病为害情况。结果显示:与阴性组对照组相比,阳性组株高降幅为11.54%、穗头长度降幅为20.43%、穗头粒数降幅为44.13%、结实数降幅为48.41%,千粒重降幅为10.38%,阳性组稻穴发病率为47.63%。差异显著性分析显示,阳性组与阴性组、假阴性组仅在千粒重上差异显著,其它如株高、穗头长度、结实数等表型数据差异不显著。在被线虫侵染的稻株中,稻穗和叶片是线虫主要隐匿部位,穗头线虫载量最高,阳性组中穗部线虫载量高达26.20条·穗-1,茎秆中线虫载量低,达0.73条·株-1;阳性组叶片部位线虫载量与假阴性组对比在P<0.05水平上差异显著,而在穗头和茎秆部位线虫载量差异不显著。该研究为农业科技工作者重新认识、评估水稻干尖线虫病危害情况及综合防治提供技术参考。Rice stem tip nematode was an important parasitic nematode on rice,which seriously harmed the safe production of rice.Accurate identification of the disease and pathogen was particularly important in formulating prevention and control strategies.In order to better understand the occurrence and harm of rice stem tip nematode in the field in actual production,the typical symptom identification method of rice stem tip nematode disease and indoor nematode microscopic examination method were adopted.The test was set as three treatments:rice negative group,false negative group and positive group,The damage of rice stem tip nematode disease was analyzed by measuring the phenotypic characteristics of three treatment groups,such as plant height,panicle head length,panicle grain number,solid number,1000 grain weight and nematode load.The results showed that the plant height decreased by 11.54%,the spike length decreased by 20.43%,the number of spikes per head decreased by 44.13%,the number of knot drops decreased by 48.41%,the 1000 grain weight decreased by 10.38%,and the incidence rate of rice in positive group was 47.63%.The difference significance analysis showed that there was only significant difference in 1000 grain weight between the positive group,the negative group and the false negative group,and there was no significant difference in other phenotypic data such as plant height,spike head length and knot number.Among the rice plants infected by nematodes,the panicle and leaf were the main hiding parts of nematodes,and the panicle head nematode load was the highest.In the positive group,the panicle nematode load was as high as 26.20 pieces·panicle-1,and the stem midline nematode load was low as 0.73 pieces·plant-1.The nematode load in leaves of positive group was significantly higher than that of false negative group(P<0.05).There was significant difference at 0.5 level,but there was no significant difference in nematode load at ear head and stem.This study provided technical reference for agricultural scientists

关 键 词：水稻干尖线虫 表型特征 线虫分布 

分 类 号：S435.11[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]