2019年肇庆市鼠疫及其它鼠传传染病监测分析  

Surveillance and analysis on plague and other rodent-borne infectious diseases in Zhaoqing in 2019

作　　者：赵婉莎 谭翰清[1] 程洁萍 伦雪恩 苏乐斌 黄强 ZHAO Wan-sha;TAN Han-qing;CHENG Jie-ping;LUN Xue-en;SU Le-bin;HUANG Qiang(Zhaoqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guangdong526060,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]肇庆市疾病预防控制中心,广东526060 [2]肇庆市高要区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第2期132-135,共4页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：广东省卫生健康委—广东省鼠疫及其它鼠传传染病监测方案(粤卫办函[2019]214号)。

摘　　要：目的对2019年肇庆市鼠疫及肾综合征出血热(hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome,HFRS)、钩端螺旋体病(钩体病)、恙虫病等鼠传传染病流行情况进行监测,为广东省鼠疫及其它鼠传传染病防控策略的制定提供科学依据。方法系统收集2019年肇庆市高要区5个乡镇的鼠形动物和人间鼠疫及其它鼠传传染病流行资料,并统计2019年10—11月捕获的300只鼠形动物种类,计算鼠种构成比,解剖后分别进行病原学和血清学监测;同时随机选取身体健康的200人开展肾综合征出血热、钩端螺旋体和恙虫病东方体的IgM与IgG抗体水平监测。结果2019年肇庆市高要区各监测点捕获各种鼠形动物共300只,主要为褐家鼠、黑家鼠和黄田鼠,分别占65.34%、12.33%和17.67%。未检出阳性鼠疫F1抗体血清,健康人群肾综合征出血热、钩体病和恙虫病的IgM与IgG抗体均为阴性,鼠出血热抗体、肾综合征出血热、钩端螺旋体和恙虫病东方体阳性率分别为10.94%、12.67%、2.65%、0.67%(鼠耳)。结论2019年肇庆市虽未检出阳性鼠疫F1抗体血清,但鼠间存在肾综合征出血热、钩体病和恙虫病,说明有发生人间肾综合征出血热、钩体病和恙虫病的潜在危险,应加强开展监测和灭鼠工作。Objective To monitor the epidemic details of rodent-borne infectious diseases including the plague and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS),leptospirosis and scrub typhus in Zhaoqing in 2019,and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control strategies of plague and other rodent-borne infectious diseases in Guangdong.Methods The epidemic data of rat-shaped animals,human plague and other rodent-borne infectious diseases in 5 towns in Gaoyao District,Zhaoqing in 2019 were systematically collect,and the species of 300 rat-shaped animals captured from October to November 2019 were counted,the composition ratio of mouse species was calculated,and the etiological and serological were monitored after dissection.Simultaneously,200 healthy people were randomly selected to monitor IgM and IgG antibody levels of patients with HFRS,leptospirosis and scrub typhus.Results A total of 300 rat-shaped animals were captured at monitoring points in Gaoyao District,Zhaoqing in 2019.The main rodents were Rattus norvegicus,Rattus nigricans and Microtus flavipectus,accounting for 65.34%,12.33%and 17.67%respectively.No positive plague F1 antibody serum was detected.IgM and IgG antibodies against HFRS,leptospirosis and tsutsugamushi disease in healthy people were negative.The positive rates of antibody against hemorrhagic fever,HFRS,leptospira and scrub typhus were 10.94%,12.67%,2.65%and 0.67%(mouse ears)respectively.Conclusion Although no positive plague F1 antibody serum is detected in Zhaoqing in 2019,rats are infected with HFRS,leptospirosis and scrub typhus,demonstrating that there are potential risks of HFRS,leptospirosis and scrub typhus in human beings.Monitoring and control on rats should be strengthened.

关 键 词：鼠疫 鼠传传染病 肾综合征出血热 钩端螺旋体病 恙虫病 季节性 监测 流行特征 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学] R516.8[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]