2019—2020年青海省某水库库区消毒前后微生物污染状况调查  

Investigation on microbial pollution before and after disinfection in a reservoir area of Qinghai from 2019 to 2020

作　　者：唐晓磊[1] 张晓昕 马绍辉 马斌忠[1] 祁晓东[1] 蒋明霞[1] 李寿江 马忠文[1] TANG Xiao-lei;ZHANG Xiao-xin;MA Shao-hui;MA Bin-zhong;QI Xiao-dong;JIANG Ming-xia;LI Shou-jiang;MA Zhong-wen(Qinghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xining810007,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省疾病预防控制中心,西宁810007

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2022年第2期153-155,共3页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：青海省高端创新人才计划(2017-2)。

摘　　要：目的了解青海省某水库未来淹没区消毒前微生物污染状况,消毒后消毒效果监测以及微生物卫生标准是否达到库区蓄水要求,为顺利蓄水提供科学依据。方法依据原卫生部《消毒技术规范》(2002版)、《粪便无害化卫生要求》GB 7959—2012,对青海省某县一水库库区未来淹没区进行消毒前微生物污染状况调查、消毒后消毒效果监测(微生物检测)。采集库区消毒前后土壤(生活区和畜圈)和人畜粪便,检测项目为粪大肠菌值、沙门菌和蛔虫卵死亡率。结果水库未来淹没区共采集样本174份,其中消毒前采样54份,其中39份土壤样本粪大肠菌值、沙门菌、蛔虫卵死亡率合格率分别为76.92%、100.00%、74.36%,15份粪便样本粪大肠菌值、沙门菌、蛔虫卵死亡率合格率分别为0%、100.00%、100.00%;经过一年左右的清理消毒工作,消毒后现场采样120份,其中60份土壤样本和60份粪便样本,粪大肠菌值、沙门菌、蛔虫卵死亡率合格率均为100.00%。结论水库淹没区消毒后微生物指标均达到了国家规定的标准,消毒工作达到预期的效果,为水库蓄水后水环境卫生的安全提供科学依据,确保周边人群和工业用水安全得到保障。Objective To understand the microbial pollutions of future inundation area of a reservoir before disinfection,monitoring on the disinfection effect after disinfection and possibility of microbial hygiene standard meets the water storage requirements for reservoir area,and to provide scientific basis for successful water storage.Methods The microbial pollution status before disinfection and the disinfection effect after disinfection(microbial detection)were investigated in the future inundation area of a reservoir in a county of Qinghai in accordance with the Technical Specifications for Disinfection(Version 2002)and Hygienic Requirements for Harmless Treatment of Feces(GB 7959—2012)issued by former Ministry of Health,the soil(living quarters and livestock corrals)and human and livestock feces before and after disinfection in the reservoir area within the reservoir area were collected,and the test items were Fecal coliform value,Salmonella and Ascaris egg mortality.Results A total of 174 samples were collected in the future inundation area of the reservoir,including 54 samples before disinfection,and the ualified rates of fecal coliform,Salmonella and Ascaris egg mortality in 39 soil samples were 76.92%,100.00%and 74.36%respectively,and the percent of pass of Fecal coliform,Salmonella and Ascaris egg mortality in 15 fecal samples were 0%,100.00%and 100.00%respectively;120 samples were sampled on site after disinfection in a year of cleaning and disinfection,including 60 soil samples and 60 fecal samples,and the percent of pass of Fecal coliform value,Salmonella and Ascaris egg mortality was 100.00%.Conclusion The microbial indexes in the flooded area of the reservoir satisfy national standards,and the disinfection work has achieved the expected effect,providing a scientific basis for the safety of water sanitation after reservoir impoundment,and securing the safety of surrounding people and industrial water.

关 键 词：粪便无害化处理 消毒 粪大肠菌值 沙门菌 蛔虫卵死亡率 调查 

分 类 号：R123.7[医药卫生—环境卫生学]