热-机碎岩孕镶金刚石钻头的设计及试验研究  

Design and test of the impregnated diamond drill bit assisted by frictional heat

作　　者：常思 刘宝昌[1,2,3] 韩哲 王雪琪 白皓亮 CHANG Si;LIU Baochang;HAN Zhe;WANG Xueqi;BAI Haoliang(College of Construction Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130026,China;State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130012,China;Key Lab of Drilling and Exploitation Technology in Complex Conditions,Ministry of Natural Resources,Changchun Jilin 130026,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学建设工程学院,吉林长春130026 [2]吉林大学超硬材料国家重点实验室,吉林长春130012 [3]自然资源部复杂条件钻采技术重点实验室,吉林长春130026

出　　处：《钻探工程》2022年第2期77-84,共8页Drilling Engineering

摘　　要：为提高钻进效率,合理利用钻进过程中产生的热量,本文采用摩擦热能辅助机械能碎岩(简称:热-机碎岩)的方法,将氮化硅作为摩擦元件引入孕镶金刚石钻头中,以提高钻头工作层的钻进性能。本文通过对钻头水口、摩擦元件的尺寸计算,钻头胎体、结构的设计,制造了一种新型热-机碎岩孕镶金刚石钻头(简称:热-机碎岩钻头),并与常规六水口钻头和三水口钻头开展了室内钻进试验对比。结果表明,与六水口钻头和三水口钻头相比,热-机碎岩钻头加入摩擦元件后能够因摩擦生热而使岩石产生弱化作用,钻头钻速提高,在相同钻井液流量下最高可比六水口钻头的机械钻速高33.3%。热-机碎岩钻头胎体的磨损程度比三水口钻头小,热-机碎岩钻头可用于强研磨性地层的钻进。In order to improve drilling efficiency and make proper use of the heat generated during drilling,this paper investigates the thermo-mechanical rock fragmentation method by which ceramic material is added as a friction element to the impregnated diamond bit to improve the mechanical properties of the working layer. A new type of thermo-mechanical diamond bit was manufactured by calculating the size of the water ports and friction elements,and designing the bit matrix and structure,and compared with the conventional six-water-port and the three-water-way bits(the same structure as that of the thermo-mechanical diamond bit except for the friction element in the matrix)in lab drilling test. The results showed that, compared with the six-water-port and the three-water-port bits, the thermo-mechanical diamond bit with the friction element can generate heat and weaken the rock,and increase the drilling speed. At the same flow rate,the maximum ROP was 33.3% higher than that of the six-water-port bit. The matrix of the thermomechanical diamond bit had a small degree of wear than the three-water-port bit,and the thermo-mechanical diamond bit can be used for drilling highly abrasive formations.

关 键 词：热-机碎岩 摩擦元件 孕镶金刚石钻头 钻头设计 钻进试验 

分 类 号：P634.41[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]