内蒙古草甸草原植物叶片光合色素对极端干旱的响应  

The Responses of Plant Leaves Photosynthetic Pigments to Extreme Drought in Inner Mongolian Meadow Grassland

作　　者：付佳琳 蔡江平[2] 刘贺永[2] 姜勇[2] 张玉革[1] FU Jia-lin;CAI Jiang-ping;LIU He-yong;JIANG Yong;ZHANG Yu-ge(College of Environment,Shenyang University,Shenyang 110044,China;Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳大学环境学院,辽宁沈阳110044 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2022年第4期40-47,共8页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31800398);中科院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA23080400)。

摘　　要：为深入了解草原植物叶片光合色素含量及组成如何响应极端干旱,研究了内蒙古草甸草原5种常见物种(羊草、贝加尔针茅、寸草苔、披针叶黄华和冷蒿)以及群落水平叶片叶绿素、类胡萝卜素含量及其比值在两种极端干旱模式(生长季为期4个月减雨66%和为期2个月减雨100%)下的变化特征。研究结果显示,为期4个月减雨66%显著增加了5种物种及群落叶片叶绿素a、b及类胡萝卜素含量;为期2个月减雨100%显著降低羊草和冷蒿叶片叶绿素含量,显著增加贝加尔针茅和披针叶黄华叶片类胡萝卜素含量,但群落叶片叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量无显著变化。结果表明,草甸草原植物通过增加叶片叶绿素含量、降低叶绿素a/b以适应中度干旱;通过合成更多的类胡萝卜素、增加类胡萝卜素/叶绿素来抵抗重度干旱。研究结果可为预测内蒙古草原植物光合能力与初级生产力应对极端干旱气候提供理论依据。This study examined leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid contents and their ratios of five common species(Leymus chinensis,Stipa baicalensis,Carex duriuscula,Thermopsis lanceolata,and Artemisia frigida)and plant communities to understand how grassland plant leaf photosynthetic pigments(chlorophylls and carotenoids)respond to extreme drought in Inner Mongolian meadow grassland,in which there were treatments,66%rainfall reduction for four months and 100%rainfall reduction for two months.The results showed that leaf chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b,and carotenoid contents in five species and plant communities significantly increased under 66%rainfall reduction for four months of treatment.The leaf chlorophyll content in L.chinensis and A.frigida significantly decreased under 100%rainfall reduction for two months of treatment,while the carotenoid contents in S.baicalensis and T.lanceolata leaves significantly increased.However,chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in leaves in plant communities were not changed.All results obtained in this study suggested that grassland plants adapted to moderate drought via increasing leaf chlorophyll contents and reducing the ratio of chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b.Grassland plants adapted to extreme drought can be achieved by increasing the synthesis carotenoids and the ratio of carotenoids/chlorophylls.In conclusion,this study provided a theoretical basis for predicting the response of photosynthetic capacity and primary productivity of grassland plants to extreme drought conditions.

关 键 词：极端干旱 草甸草原 叶绿素 类胡萝卜素 光合色素 

分 类 号：Q945.11[生物学—植物学] S812[农业科学—草业科学]