交通土地一体化的开封市多中心结构分形研究  

FRACTAL STUDY ON THE MULTI-CENTER URBAN STRUCTURE WITH LAND AND TRAFFIC INTEGRATION:A CASE STUDY OF KAIFENG CITY

作　　者：张宸铭 李灵军 高尚 高建华[4,5] ZHANG Chenming;LI Lingjun;GAO Shang;GAO Jianhua

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学建筑学院 [2]水利部综合事业局 [3]陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院 [4]河南大学地理与环境学院 [5]黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心

出　　处：《城市规划》2022年第3期63-73,共11页City Planning Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41771142)资助;教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目(11JJD790017)资助。

摘　　要：通过城市空间结构研究可以深入解析城市空间主要组成要素的基本状态、空间关系、运转规律和时空演化过程,对城市扩张趋势预判至关重要。通过集成自上而下的多级中心网络视角与自下而上的自组织分形视角的城市研究,本文旨在进一步分析城市空间结构和演化轨迹之间的关系。研究以兼具新旧不同城区的历史文化名城开封为例,借助空间句法和改进的分形模型,解析城市多中心多圈层模式及其发展规律。研究发现:开封城区内部集成核由一个演化成3个;3个集成核周边存在不同特征的自组织集聚圈层;各圈层之间不断消长融合,形成相互铰接的多级圈层带。研究认为:(1)空间句法有助于客观提取多种类型的城市基核;(2)存在“媒介型集成核”,是城市多中心结构的一部分;(3)基于可达性改进的分形标度不变区间,可以更精细地划分城市集成核的自相似圈层,并通过不规则等可达圈的形式代替规则的同心圆进行展现。Research on urban spatial structure plays an important role in understanding the conditions and correlation of main component urban elements,the way they operate,and the spatiotemporal evolution process,which is crucial for predicting urban expansion tendency.This paper aims to analyze the relationship between urban spatial form and its evolution trajectory based on urban studies from a top-down multi-center network perspective and a bottom-up self-organized fractal perspective.Taking Kaifeng City,a historic city with a mixed structure of new and old urban areas,as an example,the paper examines the multicenter and multi-layer distribution model and its development laws using methods of space syntax and improved fractal measurement.The results show that Kaifeng’s integration core has evolved from one to three;there exist circle layers with different fractal characteristics around the three cores;and the growth or decline of each layer results in a belt area with a hinged structure.The conclusions are as follows:space syntax is an objective method to identify different urban cores;there exists the integration core with media attributes,which is a component of the multi-center urban structure;and self-organized layers around urban integration cores can be divided more precisely based on the nonscale interval calculated by the fractal measurement improved according to accessibility.In addition,the layers can be presented by irregular rings with same accessibility instead of concentric circles.

关 键 词：分形城市 空间句法 交通土地一体化 多中心城市空间结构 新老城区衔接 开封市 

分 类 号：TU984.1[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]