日本新冠疫情对策的特征与课题--基于国际比较的视角  

Characteristics and Issues of COVID-19 Strategy in Japan:from the Perspective of International Comparison

作　　者： 于振冲(译) Okina Yuri

机构地区：[1]日本财团法人NIRA综合研究开发机构 [2]NIRA综合研究所 [3]北京外国语大学日本学中心,北京100089

出　　处：《日本研究》2022年第1期43-51,共9页Japan Studies

摘　　要：2020年,世界经济遭遇了前所未有的新冠病毒危机。从国际比较而言,日本对这次危机的应对,较好地降低了死亡率,取得了好的成效,但同时也凸显出多方面深刻的结构性课题。本文基于国际比较的视角,分析日本等主要发达国家采取的各种对策及其效果,着重讨论了各种政策课题的合理方向。涉及的政策课题包括:医疗服务体制改革、经济安全保障架构内关于疫苗开发、接种的规制放宽、财政支出政策的调整等。长期政策的重点有两个方面,即解决公共债务扩张和贫富差距扩大问题。In 2020,the world economy experienced an unprecedented hitherto unknown COVID-19 crisis.In terms of international comparison,Japan's response to the crisis has better reduced the mortality rate and achieved good results,but it also highlights many profound structural issues.Based on the perspective of international comparison,this paper analyzes various countermeasures taken by Japan and other major developed countries and their effects,and focuses on the due direction of various policy topics.The policy topics involved include:the reform of the medical service system,the relaxation of regulations on vaccine development and vaccination within the economic security framework,the adjustment of fiscal expenditure policies,etc.The long-term policy focuses on two aspects,namely,solving the problems of the expansion of public debt and the widening gap between the rich and the poor.

关 键 词：新冠病毒 防疫对策 财政政策 医疗体制 疫苗接种 贫富差距 

分 类 号：D73/77[政治法律—政治学]