杉木速生无性系生长与形质性状的遗传变异与良种选择  

Variance analyses of the growth and morphological traits of Chinese fir excellent clones

作　　者：赵林峰 高建亮[1] ZHAO Linfeng;GAO Jianliang(Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology,Hengyang 421005,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南环境生物职业技术学院,湖南衡阳421005

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2022年第3期8-15,共8页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：湖南自然科学基金项目(2019JJ6028);湖南省林业科技创新杰出青年项目(XLK201981)。

摘　　要：【目的】对湖南省永州市金洞林场34年生杉木速生无性系的生长性状和形质性状的林木特征因子进行多种比较分析,为杉木用材林良种再选育和定向培育提供依据。【方法】根据131个无性系34年生每木调查的数据计算蓄积排序,取前7位为速生无性系,124个无性系为普通无性系,取其蓄积平均值作为比较CK的蓄积近似值。每一速生无性系选择平均木3株进行伐倒、比较CK也选择有代表性的平均木3株伐倒。实测每一伐倒木的树高和伐根处、胸径处、1/2树高处的带皮和去皮直径,量测2根南北或东西方向最长生活枝。对这些实测数据进行方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析及遗传参数估算和布雷金多性状综合评定。【结果】所研究的7个速生无性系间的变异系数范围为2.38%~11.96%。除树高外,其他8个性状(生长性状2个和形质性状6个)存在显著或极显著差异;且这9个性状的重复力均在75%以上,其中胸径、材积、径高比、树皮率的重复力达到95%以上。相关性分析结果表明:大部分生长性状与形质性状的相关性达显著或极显著水平,树高与形质性状的相关系数为-0.041~0.390;胸径与形质性状的相关系数为-0.241~0.980;材积与形质性状的相关系数为-0.488~0.807。主成分分析得出:可提取了3个主成分,累积方差贡献率达82.91%,树高、胸径、材积、冠幅和径高比均不同程度地代表了所调查性状中的关键指标。利用布雷金多性状综合评定后各速生无性系的Qi值排序:79172>8219>7962>7922>7911>79173>79182。【结论】7个速生无性系间各性状存在稳定的遗传变异,且生长性状(胸径、材积)和形质性状受到中等以上的遗传控制,具有较好的遗传改良潜力。根据主成分分析和布雷金多性状综合评定:在这7个速生无性系中选择杉木用材林良种,79172是最佳选择,其次是8219;这2个无性系的变异受较强的遗传控制,有�【Objective】In this work,a variety of comparative analyses were carried out on the growth traits and morphological characteristics of 34a Chinese fir fast-growing clones in Jindong Forest Farm in Yongzhou City,Hunan Province,in order to provide a basis for the reselection and directional cultivation of improved Chinese fir timber forests.【Method】The accumulation ranking was calculated based on the survey data of 131 clones per tree,and the top 7 were selected as fast-growing clones,while 124 clones were ordinary clones.The average value of their accumulation was used as the approximate value of CK accumulation.For each fast-growing clone,3 trees were selected for felling,and the same for the control group.Indicators such as the height of each fallen tree,the diameter of the root,the diameter at breast height,the stripped and peeled diameter at the 1/2 tree height,and the 2 longest living branches in the north-south or east-west direction were measured.The variance analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis,and Brekind comprehensive analysis and the evaluation of these measured data were performed.【Results】The coefficients of variation among the 7 fast-growing clones ranged from 2.38%to 11.96%.Except for tree height,there were significant or extremely significant differences in the other 8 traits(3 growth traits and 6 morphological traits),and the repetitive power of these 8 traits were above 75%,among which the repeatabilities of diameter at breast height,volume,diameter to height ratio and bark rate were above 95%.The results of correlation analysis showed that the correlation between most growth traits and morphological traits reached a significant or extremely significant level,the correlation coefficient between tree height and morphological traits was-0.041 to 0.390.The correlation coefficient between breast diameter and morphological traits was-0.241 to 0.980,and the correlation coefficient between volume and morphological traits was-0.488 to 0.807.The principal component analysis

关 键 词：杉木 无性系 生长性状 形质性状 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]