高沸点热敏体系精馏过程的研究进展  

Research progress on distillation process in high boiling point and thermal sensitive system

作　　者：李春利[1] 田昕 李浩[1] 胡雨奇[1] LI Chunli;TIAN Xin;LI Hao;HU Yuqi(National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin 300130,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学化工学院,化工节能过程集成与资源利用国家地方联合工程实验室,天津300130

出　　处：《化工进展》2022年第4期1704-1714,共11页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划(2017YFB0602500);国家自然科学基金(22008050);河北省自然科学基金(B2020202004);河北省自然科学基金(B2020202066);河北省教育厅科研计划(QN2019050)。

摘　　要：在精馏系统中,高沸点、热敏性物系分离存在物料受热温度高且时间长的问题,容易引起热敏性物质变质,一直是高效分离与提纯的难点。本文对高沸点热敏性物质精馏分离理论基础进行归纳,提出操作压力低和停留时间短的工艺要求。基于此,总结了分子蒸馏和真空精馏(包括真空蒸馏、真空分馏、真空间歇精馏)在高沸点热敏性物系分离中的优缺点及应用,发现分子蒸馏的真空度和分离程度较真空精馏高,但分离效率和工业化程度比真空精馏低。最后,文章指出,对于采用精馏分离高沸点热敏性体系仍需在新工艺和新设备等方面进行探索,以提高分离效率和降低分离能耗,便于实现工业规模应用。In distillation system,separation of high boiling point and heat sensitive material system has problems of high heating temperature and long heating time,which is easy causing the deterioration of heat-sensitive material,and it has been the difficulty of efficient separation and purification.In this paper,the principle of distillation separation of high boiling heat and heat sensitive material system is summarized,and the process requirements of low operating pressure and short residence time is proposed.The advantages,disadvantages and applications of molecular distillation and vacuum distillation(including vacuum distillation,vacuum fractionation and vacuum batch distillation)in the separation of high boiling point and heat sensitive systems are summarized.It is found that the vacuum degree and separation degree of molecular distillation are higher than vacuum distillation,but the separation efficiency and industrialization degree of molecular distillation are lower than vacuum distillation.Finally,for the separation of high boiling point and heat sensitive systems by distillation,it is still necessary to explore new processes and new equipment to improve separation efficiency and reduce separation energy consumption,so as to facilitate industrial-scale applications.

关 键 词：高沸点 热敏性 精馏 分子蒸馏 真空精馏 

分 类 号：TQ028.4[化学工程]