莱州湾东岸潮下带大型底栖动物群落beta多样性格局及其驱动因素  

Patterns and drivers of beta diversity of subtidal macrobenthos community on the eastern coast of Laizhou Bay

作　　者：董建宇 孙昕 詹启鹏 张宇洋 张秀梅 Jianyu Dong;Xin Sun;Qipeng Zhan;Yuyang Zhang;Xiumei Zhang(Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao,Shandong 266003;Fisheries College,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan,Zhejiang 316022)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003 [2]浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《生物多样性》2022年第3期57-66,共10页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项(2019YFD0901303);浙江省重点研发计划(2021C02047)。

摘　　要：群落β多样性格局的形成与维持机制一直是群落生态学研究的热点与核心。然而,与陆生生态系统相比,海洋生态系统尤其是海洋底栖生态系统中生物群落β多样性的研究明显滞后。本研究从分类(即物种组成)和功能(即性状组成)两个方面出发,应用Mantel分析和基于矩阵的多元回归(multiple regression on distance matrices,MRM)分析,探究了莱州湾东岸潮下带大型底栖动物群落β多样性及其周转(turnover)和嵌套(nestedness)组分与环境因子和空间距离的关系,揭示了环境过滤和扩散限制两种生态学过程对其群落构建机制的影响。结果显示:(1)莱州湾东岸潮下带大型底栖动物群落的分类与功能性状β多样性均维持在较高水平且均以周转组分占主导,表明研究区域大型底栖动物群落在物种和功能性状组成上差异较大,而这种差异大部分来自物种或功能性状在空间或群落间的更替;(2)空间地理距离对大型底栖动物群落分类与功能性状β多样性及其组分无显著影响(Mantel检验,P>0.05),表明扩散限制对莱州湾东岸潮下带大型底栖动物群落的影响有限;(3)MRM分析表明,沉积物总有机质(total organic matter,TOM)和粉砂含量显著影响大型底栖动物群落分类β多样性,而TOM则显著影响功能性状β多样性。上述结果表明,环境过滤是驱动莱州湾东岸潮下带大型底栖动物群落构建机制的首要因素。本研究阐明了莱州湾东岸潮下带大型底栖动物群落构建机制,同时也为理解我国其他海域大型底栖动物群落的形成与维持机制提供了参考。Aims The formation and maintenance mechanism of the beta diversity pattern of biological communities have always been the focus and core of community ecology.However,the patterns and drivers of the beta diversity in marine ecosystems are still unclear,especially in marine benthic ecosystems in China.By studying the relationship of beta diversity(taxonomic-and functional trait-based)and its turnover and nestedness components of subtidal macrobenthos communities with environmental variables and spatial distance,we aimed to reveal the underlying processes of community assembly on the eastern coast of Laizhou Bay and provide guidance for studying the beta diversity of macrobenthos communities in other regions.Methods We sampled the macrobenthic organisms and corresponding environmental data(e.g.,water temperature,salinity,dissolved oxygen,and sediment factors)at 15 stations in the subtidal zone on the eastern coast of Laizhou Bay.We collected six biological traits i.e.,adult body size,habitat position,living habit,mobility,feeding habit and AZTI’s marine biotic index(AMBI)ecological groups for all sampled macrobenthos species.We calculated the taxonomic and functional trait beta diversity of macrobenthic communities and quantified the relative contributions of turnover and nestedness to beta diversity.In addition,the Mantel test and multiple regression on distance matrices(MRM)analysis were employed to determine the effect of environmental variables and spatial distance on the taxonomic and functional trait beta diversity and their components of macrobenthic communities.Results We recorded 75 macrobenthos species in the study area,which was dominated by polychaetes(61.33%),followed by crustaceans(17.33%)and mollusks(14.67%).Both the taxonomic and functional beta diversity of macrobenthic communities on the eastern coast of Laizhou Bay were high and dominated by the turnover component.This indicates that there were large differences in the composition of species and functional traits of the macrobenthos in the study

关 键 词：Β多样性 大型底栖动物 生物性状 环境过滤 群落构建 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]