苏北地区中国荷斯坦牛体型性状遗传参数及其与产奶性状关系的分析  

Analysis on genetic parameters of body shape traits and their relationship with milk production traits of Chinese Holstein cattle in northern Jiangsu

作　　者：吴欣悦 卢徐斌[2] 徐天乐 杨章平 WU Xinyue;LU Xubin;XU Tianle;YANG Zhangping(Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学农业科技发展研究院,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第7期65-70,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：江苏省现代农业产业(奶牛)技术体系首席专家项目(JATS[2020]433)。

摘　　要：为了探究苏北地区中国荷斯坦牛部分体型性状的遗传参数及其与产奶性状的关系,试验收集了苏北地区4个牧场1696头中国荷斯坦牛的5项体型性状(乳房深度、中央悬韧带、前乳房附着、后房附着高度、棱角性)和3项产奶性状(305 d产奶量、乳脂率和乳蛋白率)数据,运用DMU v6-R5-2软件中AI-REML模块,借助EM算法并配合多性状动物模型评估体型性状的遗传参数;采用皮尔逊相关系数分析体型性状与产奶性状的关联性;结合Logistic回归法筛选出对305 d产奶量影响较大的体型性状。结果表明:乳房深度、中央悬韧带、前乳房附着、后房附着高度、棱角性的遗传力分别为0.21,0.34,0.24,0.22,0.19。305 d产奶量与乳房深度(-0.138)、前乳房附着(-0.105)呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与中央悬韧带(0.089)、后房附着高度(0.101)呈极显著正相关(P<0.01);乳脂率与后房附着高度(0.337)呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与乳房深度(-0.074)、中央悬韧带(-0.117)、棱角性(-0.195)呈极显著负相关(P<0.01);乳蛋白率与乳房深度(0.081)、中央悬韧带(0.148)、前乳房附着(0.067)呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与后房附着高度(-0.199)、棱角性(-0.074)呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。乳房深度、中央悬韧带对305 d产奶量具有早期预测价值(P<0.01),305 d产奶量与乳房深度呈极显著负相关(-0.149),与中央悬韧带呈极显著正相关(0.104)。说明苏北地区中国荷斯坦牛乳房深度、中央悬韧带具有中、高遗传力,与产奶性状有一定的相关性,加强这两个性状的选择对奶牛的育种规划、产奶量的提高有重要意义。In order to explore the genetic parameters of some body shape traits and their relationship with milk production traits for Chinese Holstein cattle in Northern Jiangsu, data of 5 body shape traits(udder depth, central suspensory ligament, anterior breast attachment, posterior chamber attachment height and angularity) and 3 milk production traits(305 d milk yield, milk fat percentage and milk protein percentage) of 1 696 Chinese Holstein cattle from 4 pastures in Northern Jiangsu were collected. Using the AI-REML module of DMUv6-R5-2 software, the genetic parameters of body shape traits were evaluated by EM algorithm and multi-trait animal model. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between body shape traits and milk production traits, and Logistic regression analysis was used to screen out body shape traits that had great impact on milk yield for 305 days. The results showed that the heritability of udder depth, median suspensory, fore attachment, rear attachment height and angularity were 0.21, 0.34, 0.24, 0.22 and 0.19, respectively. The 305-day milk yield was negatively correlated with udder depth(-0.138) and anterior breast attachment(-0.105), and positively correlated with central suspensory ligament(0.089) and posterior chamber attachment height(0.101). Milk fat percentage was significantly positively correlated with posterior chamber attachment height(0.337)(P<0.01), and significantly negatively correlated with udder depth(-0.074), central suspensory ligament(-0.117) and angularity(-0.195)(P<0.01). Milk protein percentage was positively correlated with udder depth(0.081), central suspensory ligament(0.148) and anterior breast attachment(0.067), and was negatively correlated with posterior chamber attachment height(-0.199) and angularity(-0.074)(P<0.01). Udder depth and central suspensory ligament had early predictive value for the 305-day milk yield(P<0.01). The 305-day milk yield was significantly negatively correlated with udder depth(-0.149), and significantly positively c

关 键 词：中国荷斯坦牛 体型性状 遗传参数估计 产奶性状 育种选择 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学] S813[农业科学—畜牧兽医]