欧盟全球人权制裁机制域外管辖的依据与边界  

The Extraterritorial Jurisdiction of EU Global Human Rights Sanctions Regime:Principles and Limits

作　　者：吴培琦 WU Peiqi

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学国际法学院

出　　处：《国际法学刊》2022年第1期119-138,157,158,共22页Journal of International Law

摘　　要：欧盟全球人权制裁机制对全球范围内实施特定严重侵害人权行为的个人或实体处以入境禁令或金融制裁,由此构建了一种“普遍性”域外管辖。由于目前国家实践分歧明显,习惯国际法上的普遍管辖权并不能为这种域外管辖提供坚实的法律依据。欧盟全球人权制裁机制的域外管辖还存在着可能侵犯第三国主权、违反不干涉原则以及被滥用的缺陷。此外,欧盟全球人权制裁机制的域外管辖还须遵守欧盟人权法规定的陈述理由义务和尊重被制裁者之基本权利的义务。根据欧盟法院判例确立的相应标准,欧盟全球人权制裁机制下之相关措施的合法性存疑。The EU Global Human Rights Sanctions Regime of 2020(GHRSR)establishes a sort of“universal”extraterritorial jurisdiction by sanctioning persons or entities who commit serious human rights violations and abuses around the world.However,the principle of universality in customary international law cannot support the validity of the EU GHRSR’s extraterritorial jurisdiction uncontroversially,for there are considerable divergences in present state practices.The unilateral extraterritoriality of the EU GHRSR may offend the sovereignty of the third states and violate the non-intervention principle,and may also slide into a danger of abusing the right.Furthermore,the EU institutions shall state the reasons for its making sanctions against certain persons or entities under the obligations of EU human rights law.According to the case law established by the EU Courts,some sanction measures taking under the EU GHRSR may be challenged for failing to base themselves on a sufficiently solid fact.

关 键 词：欧盟全球人权制裁机制 域外管辖 普遍管辖 欧盟人权法 

分 类 号：D998.2[政治法律—国际法学]