一种星载多功能可重构终端设计  

Design of a Multifunctional Reconfigurable Terminal for Spacecraft

作　　者：范占春[1] 董世林 鲁帆[1] 智国平[1] 马超 韩运忠 FAN Zhanchun;DONG Shilin;LU Fan;ZHI Guoping;MA Chao;HAN Yunzhong(Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094

出　　处：《计算机测量与控制》2022年第4期149-154,共6页Computer Measurement &Control

摘　　要：为满足卫星多功能可重构的应用需求,提出了一种适合于星载应用的多功能可重构终端设计方案;可重构终端方案与常规方案相比,采用了可重构的天线单元,可根据任务需求进行在轨极化重构;数字基带采用双FPGA设计,可根据需求对基带功能进行在轨动态重构;对射频系统进行了优化,将部分天线功能集成至射频前端中;基于以上三点设计,可重构终端实现了极化、方向图、功率分配、调制方式等功能的在轨重构;通过重构,终端可支持测控、通信、电子侦察等多种应用场景;对终端的原理样机设计、在轨重构流程进行了介绍,并阐述了硬件实现和实际测试结果;经实测,极化重构后的交叉极化隔离度达19 dB以上;终端可适配8 kbps的低速测控通信和2 Mbps的高速数传通信;发射功率动态分配范围达3 dB以上;实现和测试结果表明,产品功能实现正确,性能良好,终端架构简单,系统设计灵活,可扩展性强,具有较强的工程参考价值。Inorder to satisfy application requirements for multifunctional reconfigurable satellites,Amultifunctional reconfigurable terminal design schemeis proposed.Compared with the conventional solution,the reconfigurable terminal solution uses a reconfigurable antenna unit.Its polarization can be reconfigured on-orbit according to mission requirements;the digital baseband board adopts thedual FPGA design,and its function can be dynamically reconfigured on-orbit according to requirements;the radio frequency system isoptimized,thepartialfunctionof antennais integrated into the radio frequency front end.Based on the above designs,the reconfigurable terminal realizes the on-orbit reconstruction of functions such asantenna polarization,antenna pattern,power distribution,andcommunication modulation mode.Through the reconfiguration,the terminal can support multiple application scenarios such as measurement and control,data transmission,electronic reconnaissance,etc.The design of prototype and on-orbit reconfigurable process are introduced.Hardware implementation and actual test results are elaborated.the actual tests show that antenna polarization can be reconstructed and cross-polarization isolation can reach 19 dB;through the reconfiguration,the product can support 8 kbps of low rate mode or 2 Mbps of high rate.It can dynamically distribute the transmit power according to the communication rate,the dynamic allocation range up to 3 dB or more.The implementation and test results show that the product functions such as correctcompletion,goodperformance,simple terminal architecture,flexibledesign and strong scalability,and it has strong engineering reference value.

关 键 词：在轨可重构 多功能 数字波束形成 通信 FPGA 

分 类 号：TN830.1[电子电信—信息与通信工程]