民勤绿洲边缘荒漠植物群落特征研究  

Characteristics of Desert Vegetation Community on The Edge of Minqin Oasis

作　　者：徐高兴 赵鹏[1,2] 刘光武[1,2] 陈思航 孙学兵[1,2] 高德才 张国平 XU Gao-xing;ZHAO Peng;LIU Guang-wu;CHEN Si-hang;SUN Xue-bing;GAO De-cai;ZHANG Guo-ping(Gansu Desert Control Research Institute,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Minqin National Studies Station for Desert Steppe Ecosystem,Minqin 733000,China;Haizitan Forest Farm of Gulang County,Gansu,Gulang 733100,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省治沙研究所,甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省治沙研究所,甘肃民勤荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,甘肃民勤733000 [3]古浪县海子滩林场,甘肃古浪733100

出　　处：《内蒙古林业科技》2022年第1期14-18,共5页Journal of Inner Mongolia Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：中央财政草原生态修复治理基金资金项目(甘林草函〔2019〕847号);甘肃省林业和草原局自列项目(2019kj121);甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治重点实验室开放基金(GSDC201902)。

摘　　要：基于野外调查资料,采用生态位宽度和生态位重叠量化指标对民勤绿洲边缘荒漠植物群落种间关系进行了研究,以期为退化固沙植被恢复与重建提供理论支撑。结果表明:(1)民勤绿洲边缘荒漠植物群落由20个植物种组成,其中灌木7种,多年生草本5种,1 a生草本8种,草本植物占总物种数的65%。(2)不同生活型植物种重要值排序最大的分别为沙拐枣、沙蒿、沙蓬,旱生特征明显。沙拐枣、梭梭、黄花补血草、沙蓬、猪毛菜在群落中表现出较大的生态位宽度,对生境具有较强适应能力。(3)沙拐枣与沙蓬、梭梭生态位重叠最大,分别为0.66、0.56,存在资源位的竞争。细枝山竹子、苦豆子、白刺、芦苇、黄花补血草与沙拐枣的生态位重叠较小,分别为0.11、0.15、0.16、0.20、0.22,种间竞争较小。民勤绿洲边缘荒漠植物群落平均生态位重叠为0.16,群落相对稳定。Based on field survey,the interspecific relationship of desert vegetation communities on the edge of Minqin Oasis was studied using niche width and niche overlap quantitative indexes,in order to provide theoretical support for the restoration and reconstruction of degraded sand-fixing vegetation in desert areas.Results showed:(1)Community structure of desert vegetation on the edge of Minqin Oasis was made up of 20 plant species,including 7 shrubs,5 perennial herbs,and 8 annual herbs.Herbs account for 65%of the total number of species.(2)Among the different species with different life forms,the highest order of importance values was Calligonum mongolicum,Artemisia desertorum and Agriophyllum squarrosum,with obvious xerophytic characteristics.The niche width of Calligonum mongolicum,Haloxylon ammodendron,Limonium aureum,Agriophyllum squarrosum and Salsola collina showed high adaptability to oasis edge habitat.(3)The niche overlap between Calligonum mongolicum and Agriophyllum squarrosum,Haloxylon ammodendron were 0.66 and 0.56,respectively.There was a resource competition between Calligonum mongolicum and Haloxylon ammodendron,Agriophyllum squarrosum.The niche overlaps of Corethrodendron scoparium,Sophora alopecuroides,Nitraria tangutorum,Phragmites australis,Limonium aureum and Calligonum mongolicum were 0.11,0.15,0.16,0.20,and 0.22,respectively,the interspecific competition was small.The average value of niche overlap of desert vegetation community was 0.16,and the community was relatively stable.

关 键 词：荒漠植物 生态位宽度 生态位重叠 绿洲边缘 民勤 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]