论欧茨悲剧小说《人间乐园》和《奇境》中的超越  

Transcendence in Joyce Carol Oates’s Tragic Novels,A Garden of Earthly Delights and Wonderland

作　　者：王丹 Wang Dan(School of Foreign Studies,Beijing Information Science and Technology University.Beijing,China)

机构地区：[1]北京信息科技大学外国语学院,北京100192

出　　处：《外国文学》2022年第2期37-48,共12页Foreign Literature

基　　金：教育部人文社科研究青年项目“欧茨悲剧小说的生存哲学思想研究”(20YJC752017);北京信息科技大学“勤信人才”培育项目(QXTCP C202117)。

摘　　要：乔伊斯·卡罗尔·欧茨虽然在其悲剧作品中描绘了现代人在充满苦难的现实社会中梦魇般的生存际遇,但是却深知人类心灵深处的动力,对于人类的坚韧顽强和自我超越的可能性始终秉持乐观主义态度。在其早期悲剧小说《人间乐园》和《奇境》中,主人公的“此在”或是因其本性受到遮蔽而痛苦地沉沦于世,或是在与他人的“共在”中迷失于主客体关系之中。然而,他们最终在暴力或爱的关系中超越了以物质主义以及理性主义和自我中心主义等时代精神为主导的现代美国文化,回归到了生存的本真状态,彰显了人性的价值和尊严。欧茨的悲剧创作超越了主客体对立的二元论哲学,其一元论哲学视角体现了欧茨作为一名伟大的悲剧艺术家对现代性的批判以及对西方文化转型之可能性的反思。Despite her profuse depictions in her tragic works of modern people’s nightmarish existence in the troubled society,Joyce Carol Oates,recognizing the drives deep within the human psyche,is optimistic about the possibilities of human resilience and transcendence.In her early tragic novels,A Garden of Earthly Delights and Wonderland,the protagonists’“Dasein”is either painfully fallen in the world because his true nature is hidden,or lost in the subject-object relationship in his“Mitsein”with others.However,their ultimate transcendence of modern American culture characterized by materialism,rationalism and egotism in violence or love enables them to regain the state of authenticity,thus showing the value and dignity of humanity.Oates’s tragic creation transcends the dualistic philosophy reflected by the opposition between subject and object,and her monistic philosophical perspective demonstrates her critique of modernity as well as her reflection on the possibility of the transformation of western culture as a great tragic artist.

关 键 词：欧茨 悲剧 超越 一元论哲学观 

分 类 号：I712[文学—其他各国文学]