矿物复合材料及其能量存储与能源催化应用  

Mineral composite materials and their energy storage and energy catalysis applications

作　　者：白李琦 张以河 佟望舒[1,2] 安琪 黄洪伟[1,2] 张英歌 孙黎[1,2] 于雪莲 Liqi Bai;Yihe Zhang;Wangshu Tong;Qi An;Hongwei Huang;Yingge Zhang;Li Sun;Xuelian Yu(Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Wastes,School of Materials Science and Technology,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;National Circular Economy Engineering Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Industrial Solid Wastes and Nonmetallic Minerals,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)材料科学与工程学院非金属矿物与固废资源材料化利用北京市重点实验室,北京100083 [2]中国地质大学(北京)非金属矿物与工业固废资源综合利用全国循环经济工程实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《科学通报》2022年第8期742-757,共16页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52072347,51972288,51772279);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2652019144)资助。

摘　　要：矿物复合材料是近些年来发展起来的材料科学分支学科,是与地质学领域的矿物岩石学融合创新的交叉领域.它既具有矿物所具备的特定功能和属性,又包含复合材料的鲜明特征,在生态环境、新能源、大健康等领域具有广阔应用前景,并符合“碳达峰、碳中和”的战略需求.随着人类对能源可持续性的探索,与能源相关的材料已然成为材料研究领域的热点,其中,具有来源丰富、低成本的矿物复合材料在能源和催化领域日益受到重视.欲实现矿物复合材料在能量存储和能源催化等领域的应用,仍待取得更多突破并亟待进一步研究与探讨.本文从矿物复合材料的概念和学科分支的形成出发,首先梳理了矿物复合材料的发展历程,初步定义了矿物复合材料的分类,归纳了常见矿物复合材料中矿物组分在能量存储和能源催化应用中的作用;介绍了矿物复合材料在能量存储领域的应用,包括压电自发电、超级电容器、二次电池等;总结了矿物复合材料在能源催化领域的应用,涵盖了以光催化/电催化析氢反应、热释电催化和压电催化为主的应用.最后,对矿物复合材料未来可能面临的科学问题和发展方向作出了展望.Mineral composite material is a cross-field of mineralogy and composite material that has emerged in recent years.These materials have specific functional properties of minerals and the unique characteristics of composite materials.Energyrelated materials are currently a research hotspot.However,a systematic review of energy storage and energy catalysis in composite materials from natural minerals is few.Mineral composite materials have the following advantages.(1)Minerals are natural composite materials conducive to ecological civilization construction.(2)Mineral resources are abundant on the Earth,which means pronounced cost reduction in composite materials.(3)Mineral-derived tailings wastes can be comprehensively turned into treasure.This study presents the advances in energy storage and catalysis applications of composite materials from a mineral composite perspective.First,we discussed this discipline’s evolution,the development process,and classified mineral composite materials.Second,we introduced the applications of mineral composites in the field of energy storage,such as piezoelectric selfpower generation,supercapacitors,and secondary batteries.Finally,we summarized the applications of mineral composites in the domain of energy catalysis,including electrocatalysis,energy photocatalysis,and pyroelectric/piezoelectric catalysis.The regulation of mineral functions or auxiliary units can significantly improve energy storage and catalytic activities.Specifically,the mineral loading/recombination strategy for photocatalytic applications helps inhibit the recombination of photo-generated carriers and enhance their light absorption.Stripping the mineral ore and forming a composite material for energy electrocatalysis are beneficial in exposing its active catalytic sites and reducing the activation energy required for hydrogen evolution reaction applications.Mineral composite materials have evolved from mechanical functional mineral composite materials to multi-functional mineral composite materials.However,nu

关 键 词：矿物复合材料 能量存储材料 能源催化 超级电容器材料 电池材料 

分 类 号：TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] O643.36[理学—物理化学]