大型体育赛事碳中和管理:国际奥委会的倡议  

Carbon Neutrality Management of Mega Sporting Events:the International Olympic Committee’s Initiative

作　　者：任慧涛 易剑东[1] REN Huitao;YI Jiandong(School of Sports and Health,Wenzhou Lniversity,Wenzhou 325035,Zhejiang China;School of Physical Education,Quanzhou Normal I niversity,Quanzhou 362000,Eujian China)

机构地区：[1]温州大学体育与健康学院,浙江温州325035 [2]泉州师范学院体育学院,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2022年第2期25-38,共14页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“全球体育治理失灵的表现、成因与对策研究”(项目编号:20AZD135)。

摘　　要：“碳中和”是全球应对气候危机,促进可持续发展实现的重要理念。国际奥委会作为全球体育治理体系中的关键行为体,自1992年受邀参加联合国环境与发展大会以来,一直积极介入全球气候事务,严格要求各届奥运会的组委会乃至主办城市加强低碳、绿色办赛,强调要综合运用多种举措,实现赛事相关碳排放净零,履行缓解气候变化的责任。围绕这一工作,国际奥委会响应联合国《体育促进气候行动框架》等公约,发布了《IOC可持续发展战略》《IOC奥运会碳足迹方法》等一系列政策,从生命周期理念设计了碳排放计算、减少、消除与补偿的管理框架并予以推进,降低了奥运赛事对环境和气候的影响。通过梳理国际奥委会应对气候问题的历史进程与总体特征,对1994年至今的奥运会碳排放控制案例进行研究,总结出国际奥委会“碳中和”事务的管理愿景、框架、组织机构、工作安排和具体方法举措等,希望能够推动我国大型体育赛事碳足迹的精细化治理,助力我国“碳达峰、碳中和”目标之达成。Carbon neutrality is an important approach to dealing with the climate crisis and achieving sustainable development. As a key player in the global sports governance system,the International Olympic Committee has been actively involved in global climate affairs since it was invited to participate in the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in 1992,strictly requiring the organizing committees and even host cities of each Olympic Games to strengthen low-carbon and green competitions,emphasizing the need to take various measures to achieve net-zero carbon emission,and fulfill the responsibility of mitigating climate change. In response to the UN Sports for Climate Action Framework etc.,the IOC issued the IOC Sustainability Strategy,Carbon Footprint Methodology for the Olympic Games,adopted various policies,and designed a management framework for carbon emission calculation, reduction, elimination, and compensation based on life cycle,so as to reduce the impact of Olympic events on the environment and climate. By sorting out the historical process and overall characteristics of the IOC’s response to climate change,this paper studies the carbon emission control cases of the Olympic Games from 1994 to the present,and summarizes the management vision,framework,and organizational structure of the IOC’s“carbon neutrality”initiative. The study aims to promote the refined governance of the carbon footprint of China’s mega sporting events and help China achieve “carbon emission peak and carbon neutrality”.

关 键 词：大型体育赛事 碳中和 管理框架 奥运会 

分 类 号：G811.21[文化科学—体育学] X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程]