抗阻运动对老龄大鼠骨骼肌线粒体功能及肌少症的影响  

Effects of resistance exercise on mitochondrial function of skeletal muscle and sarcopenia in aged rats

作　　者：王震[1] 黄燕娥[1] 翟三华[2] 李品芳[3] 林文弢[3] Wang Zhen;Huang Yane;Zhai Sanhua;Li Pingfang;Lin Wentao(Guangdong Youth Vocational College,Guangzhou 510507,China;Health Vocational Faculty,Guangzhou Medical University,Guang zhou 510545,China;Guangzhou Sporl University,Guangzhou 510500,China)

机构地区：[1]广东青年职业学院,广州510545 [2]广州医学院卫生职业技术学院,广州510180 [3]广州体育学院,广州510500

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2022年第4期460-465,共6页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(GD20CTY08);广东省教育科学“十三五”规划项目(2020GXJK516);广东省“攀登计划”专项资金(pdjh2020a11092)。

摘　　要：目的探讨抗阻运动对老龄大鼠股四头肌线粒体功能、肌少症及肌纤维形态的影响。方法老龄雄性大鼠(SD), 喂养18月龄后开始8周抗阻运动, 测最大抗阻负重跑, 再分别以0%、30%、50%、70%最大负重进行间歇跑台抗阻运动, 跑台放置坡度为35°, 跑速15 m/min, 隔天运动。对照组不运动。8周末检测股四头肌线粒体膜电位, 释放到胞浆细胞色素C(Cyt c)、凋亡诱导因子(AIF)和凋亡蛋白(Smac/DIABLO)含量, 股四头肌纤维横截面积(CSA)和蛋白质含量, 并观察肌纤维形态结构的变化。结果与对照组比较, 0%、30%、50%和70%四个抗阻运动组线粒体ΔΨmt均升高, 且0%、30%、50%组升高(t=7.412、5.611、6.213, 均P<0.01);与0%组比较, 30%组线粒体ΔΨmt下降的细胞百分率(10.6%)(t=9.356, P<0.05), 而70%组线粒体ΔΨmt升高的细胞百分率差异有统计学意义(10.03%)(t=8.341, P<0.05)。与对照组比较, 8周抗阻运动老龄大鼠股四头肌胞浆Cyt c、AIF和Smac/DIABLO的含量下降, 其中0%、30%、50%三组股四头肌胞浆Cyt c、Smac/DIABLO含量下降(t=8.324、7.516、6.871, 均P<0.05), 以及0%、30%、50%三组AIF下降差异有统计学意义(t=9.434、8.78、7.342, 均P<0.05)。与对照组比较, 0%、30%、50%三组肌纤维空泡面积下降(t=5.567、6.784、7.432, P<0.01);30%、50%、70%三组股四头肌蛋白质含量升高(t=7.478、6.765、4.564, 均P<0.01);与0%组相比, 30%、50%、70%三组股四头肌蛋白质含量升高(t=9.236、8.342、6.456, 均P<0.01)。结论低、中等负重抗阻运动可改善老龄大鼠股四头肌线粒体功能, 减少股四头肌线粒体释放促凋亡蛋白Cyt c、AIF、Smac/DIABLO;低、中等负重抗阻运动可提高肌纤维蛋白质含量, 减少肌纤维空泡面积, 维持肌肉质量, 延迟肌少症的出现。Objective To investigate the effects of resistance exercise on mitochondrial function.muscle attenuation and muscle fiber morphology in quadriceps femoris of aged rats.Methods The 18-month-old male rats were randomly divided into five groups(n=8,each):control(not exercise),0%weight-bearing,30%weight-bearing,50%weight-bearing,and 70%weight-bearing exercise.After maximum resistance running,intermittent race table resistance exercise with 0%,30%,50%,70%maximum load were performed.The treadmill placement slope was 35°,the running speed was 15 m/min,and exercise was performed every other day.At the end of the 8 week,the mitochondrial membrane potential of quadriceps femoris muscle was measured,cytosol contents of cytochrome C(Cyt c),apoptosis-inducing factor(AIF),and apoptotic protein(Smac/DIABLO)were measured,and the morphology and structure of muscle fibers were observed.Results Compared with the control group,the mitochondrial AWmt was increased in the 0%.30%.50%and 70%maximum load groups,with a significant difference in the increment in the 0%.30%and 50%maximum load groups(1=7.412,5.611,6.213,all P<0.01).Compared with the 0%maximum load group,the percentage of cells with mitochondrial AWmt was statistically significantly decreased in the 30%maximum load group(10.6%)(t=9.356,P<0.05),while the percentage of cells with mitochondrial AWmt was statistically signifieantly increased in the 70%maximum load group(10.03%)(1=8.341,P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the contents of Cyt c,AIF and Smac/DIABLO in the cytoplasm of quadriceps femoris of aged rats with 8-week resistance exercise were decreased,among which the contents of Cyt c and Smac/DIABLO were statistically significantly decreased in the three groups of 0%,30%,and 50%maximum load(1=8.324,7.516,and 6.871,all PC0.05),as well as the decrement in AIF of the three groups of 0%,30%,and 50%maximum load was statistically significant(1=9.434,8.78,and 7.342,all P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the vacuolar area of muscle fibers was extremely significantly de

关 键 词：老龄大鼠 抗阻运动 线粒体 肌少症 

分 类 号：R685[医药卫生—骨科学]