基于GNSS数据的三种应变计算方法在青藏高原东南缘地区的应用  

Application of Three Strain Calculation Methods Based on GNSS Data in the Southeastern Margin of Tibet Plateau

作　　者：金阳 金红林[1] 高原[1] 黄星 JIN Yang;JIN Hong-lin;GAO Yuan;HUANG Xing(Insititute of Earthquake Forcasting,Key Laboratory of Earthquake Prediction,Beijing 100036,China;Institute of Geology,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地震预测研究所,地震预测重点实验室,北京100036 [2]中国地震局地质研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《地震》2021年第4期57-67,共11页Earthquake

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1503704);自然科学基金重点项目(41730212);中国地震局地震预测研究所重点项目(2017IES0102)。

摘　　要：利用GNSS速度场求解应变率的方法存在多元化特征,可以区分为数学方法和物理方法。本文选取求解应变率的三种数学方法:最小二乘配置法、多尺度球面小波法、Gussian加权内插法,对1999—2019年青藏高原东南缘(97°E~106°E,21°N~30°N)GNSS速度场以及均匀GNSS速度场进行解算,探讨以上三种方法在该区域的适用性特征。通过分析由两组不同数据分布密度获得的主应变率(最大/最小)、最大剪切应变率、面应变率结果,发现利用多尺度球面小波法获得的应变参数在青藏高原东南缘区域有更高的空间分辨率表现。在数据分布密度高时可以详细反映小区域内空间变形特征,有助于详细确定断裂变形特征。本研究结果仅代表在青藏高原东南缘研究区域结果,对于其他区域计算方法的选取仍需考虑其构造变形背景、测点分布密度等条件。The methods of using the GNSS velocity field to solve the strain rate have multiple characteristics,which can be divided into mathematical methods and physical methods.This paper selects three mathematical methods to solve the strain rate:Least Squares Collocation Method,Multi-scale Spherical Wavelet Method,Gussian Weighted Interpolation Method,to resolve the GNSS velocity field and uniform GNSS velocity field on the southeastern margin of Tibet Plateau from 1999 to 2019(97°E~106°E,21°N~30°N),and the applicability characteristics of the above three methods in this area is discussed.By analyzing the results of principal strain rate(maximum/minimum),maximum shear strain rate,and surface strain rate obtained from two sets of different data distributions,we found that the strain parameters obtained by multi-scale spherical wavelet method have higher resolution in the southeastern margin of Tibet Plateau.In the high-density data distribution,the spatial deformation characteristics in a small area can be reflected in detail,which is helpful to determine the fault deformation characteristics.The result only represents the studied area on the southeastern margin of Tibet Plateau,and the selection of calculation methods for other areas still needs to consider the conditions of the structural deformation background and the distribution density of measurement points.

关 键 词：GNSS数据 应变率 最小二乘配置法 多尺度球面小波法 Gussian加权内插法 

分 类 号：P315.7[天文地球—地震学]