社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的性别差异:来自关系动机的影响作用  

Gender Differences in Socially Shared Retrieval-Induced Forgetting:Based on The Perspective of Relational Motives

作　　者：张环[1,2,3] 侯双 刘拓 杨海波 Zhang Huan;Hou Shuang;Liu Tuo;Yang Haibo(Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education,Academy of Psychology and Behavior,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin,300387;Faculty of Psychology,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin,300387;Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students'Mental Development and Learning,Tianjin,300387)

机构地区：[1]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津300387 [2]天津师范大学心理学部,天津300387 [3]学生心理发展与学习天津市高校社会科学实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《心理科学》2022年第1期142-148,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：天津市教委科研计划项目成果“8-12岁儿童团体创造力的认知机制和可塑性”(2019SK055)的资助。

摘　　要：社会互动提取任务中,说者的选择性提取会造成听者对相关内容的遗忘,这被称为社会分享型提取诱发遗忘。本研究基于关系动机的视角,分别考察女性组合和男性组合条件下,听者社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的表现特点。结果表明,女性组合中的听者在同性别说者在场的条件下,出现了社会分享型提取诱发遗忘;而男性组合中的听者在同性别说者在场的条件下,无该现象出现。以上结果为关系动机影响社会分享型提取诱发遗忘提供了实证证据。In our daily life,people have plenty of opportunities to share their memories of past experiences or knowledge with others.In such conversation,the phenomenon which,due to conscious or unconscious selective retrieval of speakers,listeners concurrently and covertly forget the unmentioned but relevant memories,is called socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting(SS-RIF).Based on the perspective of relational motive,the current study investigated the memory performance of different gender groups in experimental task.In addition,the presence of the speaker or not was manipulated in this study to eliminate the possible influence of other gender-related cognitive factors(such as inhibitory control)on individual memory performance.We adopted a 2(gender:female,male)×2(interactive level:the presence of the speaker,the absence of the speaker)×4(item type:Rp+,Rp–,Nrp+,Nrp–)mixed design.Gender and interactive level were between-participants design,while item type was within-participants design.The dependent variable was the correct recall proportion in the final recall test.The formal experiment consists of four phases:learning phase,interactive retrieval-practice phase,interference phase,and final recall phase.In order to let each participant play the role of speaker and listener respectively,two rounds were carried out in the interactive retrieval-practice phase.A total of 132 healthy volunteers participated in the experiment.All participants were randomly assigned to different interactive level conditions.At the end of the formal experiment,Operation-Word Span Task(OWST)was used to measure participants’working memory capacity.Participants were also asked to fill out the Group Preference Scale(GPS)and the self-evaluation scale.It was found that there was no difference in working memory capacity between female and male participants.In addition,regardless of gender and interactive level,when participants acted as listeners,the correct recall rates of Rp+were significantly higher than that of the Nrp+.However,social

关 键 词：社会分享型提取诱发遗忘 性别差异 关系动机 内隐提取 说者在场 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学]