中国国际应急医疗队(四川)参与联合国人道主义救援框架下全球应急演练的实践  

The practice of emergency medical team(Sichuan)participating in global emergency exercise under the framework of humanitarian aid from the United Nations

作　　者：王婉婷 晏会[2] 董潇杨 黎相麟 胡海 WANG Wanting;YAN Hui;DONG Xiaoyang;LI Xianglin;HU Hai(Disaster Medicine Center,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;Emergency Office,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;China Emergency Medical Team(Sichuan),Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学灾难医学中心,四川成都610041 [2]四川大学华西医院应急办公室 [3]中国国际应急医疗队(四川)

出　　处：《中华灾害救援医学》2022年第4期223-227,共5页Chinese Journal of Disaster Medicine

基　　金：四川大学华西医院新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情科技攻关项目(HX-2019-nCoV068)。

摘　　要：国际应急医疗队(Emergency Medical Team,EMT)是世界卫生组织(World Health Organization,WHO)管理下的国际人道主义医疗卫生救援合作组织。国际搜索和救援咨询小组(The International Search and Rescue Advisory Group,INSARAG)是联合国人道主义事务协调厅(Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affair,OCHA)运作下的人道主义合作组织。两组织均为开展政府间国际救援行动的中坚力量。不论是从积累真实灾难现场的经验亦是从灾难救援系统管理出发,两组织的联合演练均是提高队伍本身及全球政府间合作下综合抗灾救灾能力的高效途径。由INSARAG主办的每年1~2次的全球性应急演练正是此类联合演练。本文旨在介绍EMT与INSARAG两组织的基本情况,WHO及INSARAG管理协调下的EMT与国际城市搜索和救援队(Urban Search and Rescue,USAR)两类队伍在执行国际灾难救援行动中的任务流程,INSARAG主办的全球应急演练的演练内容及EMT参与国际救援行动(演练)对自身能力、演练组织和协调合作的思考与探索。The Emergency Medical Team(EMT)is an international humanitarian medical and health rescues cooperation organizations under the management of the World Health Organization(WHO).The International Search and Rescue Advisory Group(INSARAG)is a humanitarian cooperation organization operated by the United Nations(UN)Office for the coordination of Humanitarian Affair(OCHA).Both organizations are the backbone of intergovernmental international rescue operations.Whether it is based on the accumulation of the real disaster scene experience or the management of the disaster rescue system,the joint operation of these two organizations is an efficient way to improve the comprehensive disaster response capabilities of the team itself and the global intergovernmental cooperation.The 1~2 global emergency drills sponsored by UN INSARAG are such joint exercise.The purpose of this paper is to introduce the basic situation and the task process cooperation of EMTs,INSARAG,and International Urban Search and Rescue(USAR)teams under the management of WHO and INSARAG.The purpose of this paper is to introduce the basic situation,the task process cooperation,and the global emergency exercise content of EMT and INSARAG,and the task process of the International Urban Search and Rescue(USAR)under the management coordination of WHO and INSARAG,in the implementation of international disaster relief operations.Take the exercise as a mirror,reflect on EMT’s own capabilities and responses,the exercise’s organization,the coordination,and the cooperation between EMTs and USARs.

关 键 词：紧急医学救援 中国国际应急医疗救援队 国际应急医疗队 世界卫生组织 国际救援任务流程 

分 类 号：R129[医药卫生—环境卫生学]