近零能耗导向的轻质装配式建筑热桥优化设计——以K型活动板房为例  

Optimisation Design of Thermal Bridge for Lightweight Prefabricated Building Oriented to Nearly Zero-energy Consumption:A Case Study of the K-type Prefab House

作　　者：林正豪 詹峤圣 LIN Zhenghao;ZHAN Qiaosheng

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院、亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室

出　　处：《南方建筑》2022年第4期17-24,共8页South Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(51908358):“能量-建构”矛盾导向下的近零能耗轻质装配式建筑围护系统整合设计策略研究;中国博士后科学基金项目(2020M672632):“能量-建构”整合导向的寒冷地区近零能耗轻质装配式建筑围护设计策略研究;中央高校科研基本业务费自然科学类面上项目(D2200840):夏热冬暖地区近零能耗轻质装配式建筑围护热阻漏设计研究;广州市科技局基础与应用基础科研项目(202102020985):湿热地区近零能耗轻质装配式建筑热稳定设计研究—以广州市为例。

摘　　要：在“双碳”发展愿景下,重“建构”而轻“能量”已然成为轻质装配式建筑的制约瓶颈,并以伴随装配建造而来的热桥问题最为典型。研究选取K型活动板房为例,通过实测与调研提取其4类关键热桥节点:平壁墙柱、转角墙柱、屋面檐口、地面基础节点。融合近零能耗体系要求,建立轻质装配式建筑的围护热桥评价体系,提出其核心指标的新计算方法。依托有限元传热模拟,对关键热桥节点开展以性能为导向的正向构造优化,并同步对其建构效率影响进行逆向评估检验,据此建立兼顾“建构-能量”平衡的轻质装配式建筑热桥优化设计策略及其技术体系。Contemporary lightweight prefabricated buildings(LPBs)generally emphasise’construction efficiency’rather than’energy performance’.Under the current development vision of’double carbon’,how to significantly improve energy efficiency and environmental performance of buildings while maintaining high construction efficiency is an opportunity for the development of LPBs and the development bottleneck.For example,many connection nodes in envelope assemblies often are the thermal bridges that destroy heat in the insulation structure of the envelope,forming‘fabrication-thermal resistance leakage’.For this reason,the K-type prefab house used extensively in China was chosen as a typical research object.Further,the index of nearly zero-energy buildings(nZEBs)was introduced as the evaluation standard to explore optimisation design strategies and technical routes for the thermal bridge of LPBs.Based on the analysis of the prefab house construction system,thermomechanical measurements in cold regions in winter and comprehensive literature reviews,the limitations of currently associated studies were pointed out.Moreover,four types of typical thermal bridge nodes of the K-type prefab house were extracted,including the flat wall-column joint,corner wall-column,roof cornice joint,and ground foundation joint.Concerning the research method,a comprehensive thermal bridge evaluation system for the LPBs was established based on the requirements of nZEBs,where the average heat transfer coefficient and the linear heat transfer coefficient were used as the core indexes,and the lowest internal surface temperature of the envelope served as an auxiliary index.Combined with the finite element heat transfer simulation software of THERM,a fast calculation method that could adapt to complex constructions and is easy to be mastered was further proposed.This method could provide transverse comparisons and systematic evaluations of the optimisation designs of structures of different typical thermal bridge joints.For the flat wall-co

关 键 词：轻质装配式建筑 近零能耗建筑 热桥优化 K型活动板房 

分 类 号：TU111.4[建筑科学—建筑理论]