基于超声波全断面测风的矿井风网实时解算方法  

Real-time calculation method of mine ventilation network based on ultrasonic full-section wind measurement

作　　者：宋涛 王建文 吴奉亮 张国群 陈菲 冯雄 李龙清 SONG Tao;WANG Jianwen;WU Fengliang;ZHANG Guoqun;CHEN Fei;FENG Xiong;LI Longqing(Shenmu Ningtiaota Mining Co.,Ltd.,Shanmei Group,Shemnu 719300,China;College of Safety Science and Engineering,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China;Xi’an Alwin Smart-IoT InfoTech Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710018,China)

机构地区：[1]陕煤集团神木柠条塔矿业有限公司,陕西神木719300 [2]西安科技大学安全科学与工程学院,陕西西安710054 [3]西安奥文智联信息科技有限公司,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《工矿自动化》2022年第4期114-120,141,共8页Journal Of Mine Automation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51974232)。

摘　　要：煤矿井下风流时刻在变化,矿井通风网络解算是一种静态解算方法,无法实时解算动态风流,需要用风速传感器获取动态风流数据。但目前风速传感器稳定性差、覆盖不全面。针对上述问题,提出了一种基于超声波全断面测风的矿井风网实时解算方法。利用超声波在两点间顺风、逆风传播的时间差实现巷道全断面测风,风速测定结果与声速无关,不受声速、温湿度和气压等参数影响,而且避免了传统风速传感器的风道易受矿尘堵塞的难题,测风装置的分辨率达0.03 m/s。通过不断采集主要通风机风量、风压实时工况和部分井巷实时风量解算风网,利用固定风量法将监测风量融入通风网络中,解算得到全风网实时风量,采用拉格朗日乘数法实时修正解算风量与风阻,以解决冗余风量监测分支引起的节点风量不平衡、风阻波动产生的回路风压不平衡问题。通过算例验证了该实时解算方法的解算结果与监测值高度吻合,同时又严格遵循回路风压平衡与节点流量平衡的约束。对柠条塔煤矿含1319条分支、945个节点的风网进行实时解算,1次解算仅用时0.9 s,解算迭代收敛次数约为105,且解算结果随时间不断更新,验证了该实时解算方法的可行性。The wind flow in underground coal mine is changing all the time.The coal mine ventilation network solution is a static calculation method,which can not solve the dynamic wind flow in real time,and requires wind speed sensor to obtain the dynamic wind flow data.However,the current wind speed sensor has poor stability and incomplete coverage.In order to solve the above problems,a real-time calculation method of mine ventilation network based on ultrasonic full-section wind measurement is proposed.The time difference between downwind and upwind of ultrasonic propagation between two points is used to measure the wind speed of the whole section of the roadway.The wind speed measurement result is independent of the sound speed and is not affected by the parameters such as the sound speed,temperature and humidity and air pressure.The problem that the air duct of the traditional wind speed sensor is easily blocked by mine dust is avoided.The resolution of the wind measuring device reaches 0.03 m/s.By continuously collecting the real-time working conditions of air volume and air pressure of main fans and the real-time air volume of some shafts and roadways,the ventilation network is calculated.And the fixed air volume method is used to integrate the monitored air volume into the ventilation network,and the real-time air volume of the whole ventilation network can be obtained through calculation.The Lagrangian multiplier method is used to correct and calculate the air volume and wind resistance in real time,so as to solve the problems of unbalanced air volume of nodes caused by redundant air volume monitoring branches and unbalanced air pressure of loop caused by fluctuation of the wind resistance.It is verified by an example that the calculation results of the real-time calculation method are highly consistent with the monitoring values.At the same time,the results strictly follow the constraints of the loop air pressure balance and the node flow balance.The real-time calculation of the ventilation network with 1319 branc

关 键 词：矿井通风 通风网络 超声波全断面测风 风网实时解算 风网静态解算 冗余风量 固定风量法 

分 类 号：TD722[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]