光学遥感器光机结构热变形的高精度测量  

High-precision thermal deformation measurement of optical remote sensor optical-mechanical structure

作　　者：王庆雷[1,2] 孙世君 姜宏佳[1,2] 郭容光 王伟之 周小华[1,2] WANG Qinglei;SUN Shijun;JIANG Hongjia;GOU Rongguang;WANG Weizhi;ZHOU Xiaohua(Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics&Electricity,Beijing 100094,China;Key Laboratory for Advanced Optical Remote Sensing Technology of Beijing,Beijing 100094,China;Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间机电研究所,北京100094 [2]先进光学遥感技术北京市重点实验室,北京100094 [3]清华大学,北京100084

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2022年第8期948-959,共12页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.51705024)。

摘　　要：空间光学遥感器光机结构在复杂的空间轨道热环境中会产生热变形,影响探测精度。为解决光学遥感器光机结构热变形测量问题,本文提出了基于数字摄影测量和光纤光栅传感的热变形组合监测方法;建立了具有热解耦功能的光纤光栅布局方法和变形测量模型算法,理论分析了光纤光栅光谱变化与应变、温度的关系,采用实验方法标定光纤光栅应变传感器和温度传感器,得出光纤光栅中心波长漂移量与应变、温度的关系;搭建了数字摄影测量试验系统,结合光纤光栅传感网络测量光机结构的应变和温度场,实现了光机结构热应变高精度测量。研究结果表明:数字摄影和光纤光栅组合测量方法可实现光机结构位移场、应变场和温度场同时测量,热解耦后结构变形测量精度达到0.02 mm,可用于光机结构在轨热变形的合理预测,在空间光学遥感器光机结构在轨监测中具有应用前景。In the complex space orbit thermal environment,the optical structure of an optical remote sensor is thermally deformed.Thermal deformation affects detection accuracy.To solve the problem of thermal deformation measurement of the optical-mechanical structure of optical remote sensors,an integrated monitoring method is proposed based on digital photogrammetry and fiber Bragg grating(FBG)thermal deformation.A fiber grating layout method and a deformation measurement model algorithm with a thermal decoupling function are developed.The relationship between the spectral variation of the FBG and strain and temperature is analyzed.A digital photogrammetry experimental system is built to measure the strain and temperature fields of the optical machine structure.The FBG sensing network enables high-precision measurement of the thermal strain of optical machine structures.The results reveal that the integrated system can realize the simultaneous measurement of the displacement field,strain field,and temperature field of an optical machine structure.The accuracy of the structural deformation measurement after thermal decoupling reaches 0.02 mm,which can be used to reasonably predict the thermal deformation of optical machine structures on orbit.The proposed measurement method can potential be applied to the onorbit monitoring of optical machine structures of space optical remote sensors.

关 键 词：光学遥感器 热变形 数字摄影测量 光纤光栅应变传感器 光纤光栅温度传感器 试验验证 

分 类 号：TN253[电子电信—物理电子学]