脑神经电化学研究  

Brain Electrochemistry

作　　者：徐聪 江迎 于萍[1,3] 毛兰群 Cong Xu;Ying Jiang;Ping Yu;Lan-Qun Mao(Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science,Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems,Institute of Chemistry,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;College of Chemistry,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]北京分子科学国家研究中心,中国科学院化学研究所活体分析化学重点实验室,北京100190 [2]北京师范大学化学学院,北京100875 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《电化学》2022年第3期1-16,共16页Journal of Electrochemistry

基　　金：supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2018YFE0200800);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21790390,21790391 and 22134002);the National Basic Research Program of China(Nos.2018YFA0703501 and 2016YFA0200104);the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB30000000);Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDJ-SSWSLH030)。

摘　　要：大脑是认知、情感等神经活动的物质基础。脑内神经元通过化学信号及电信号相互连接,共同构成动态而复杂的神经信号网络,实现各项神经活动。因此,对于脑神经化学分子的分析与检测有助于揭示神经生理、病理过程中的分子机制,进而发展神经系统疾病的精准诊断及治疗手段。随着各学科的融合与发展,已有多种分析技术在不同层次实现神经分子的检测。其中,电化学分析方法具有高灵敏、高时空分辨等优势,有望在活体层次上精准描述特定神经分子在神经生理或病理过程中的动态变化。本文围绕选择性以及生理兼容性两大关键问题展开,以本课题组最新研究进展为例,系统阐述了电极界面的构筑原则以及电位型检测方法的独特优势,着重介绍了抗坏血酸在神经生理和病理过程中的动态变化规律,并对脑神经电化学分析领域的发展前景进行了展望。Brain,as the source of neural activities such as perceptions and emotions,consists of the dynamic and complex networks of neurons that implement brain functions through electrical and chemical interactions.Therefore,analyzing and monitoring neurochemicals in living brain can greatly contribute to uncovering the molecular mechanism in both physiological and pathological processes,and to taking a further step in developing precise medical diagnosis and treatment against brain diseases.Through collaborations across disciplines,a handful of analytical tools have been proven to be befitting in neurochemical measurement,spanning the level of vesicles,cells,and living brains.Among these,electrochemical methods endowed with high sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution provide a promising way to precisely describe the dynamics of target neurochemicals during various neural activities.In this review,we expand the discussion on strategies to address two key issues of in vivo electrochemical sensing,namely,selectivity and biocompatibility,taking our latest studies as typical examples.We systematically elaborate for the first time the rationale behind engineering electrode/brain interface,as well as the unique advantages of potentiometric sensing methods.In particular,we highlight our recent progress on employing the as-prepared in vivo electrochemical sensors to unravel the molecular mechanism of ascorbate in physiological and pathological processes,aiming to draw a blueprint for the future development of in vivo electrochemical sensing of brain neurochemicals.

关 键 词：活体电化学传感 脑神经化学 选择性 生理兼容性 

分 类 号：Q424[生物学—神经生物学] O657.1[生物学—生理学]