我国主要神经系统自身免疫性疾病的发病率  

Incidence of major autoimmune diseases of the nervous system in China

作　　者：黄磊[1] 苏磊[1] 田德财 杨丽[1] 孟霞[2] 施福东[1,2] Huang Lei;Su Lei;Tian Decai;Yang Li;Meng Xia;Shi Fu-Dong(Department of Neurology,Tianjin Medical University General Hospital,Tianjin 300052,China;China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases,Center for Neurological Diseases,Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100070,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学总医院神经内科,天津300052 [2]国家神经系统疾病临床医学研究中心首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经病学中心,北京100070

出　　处：《中华神经科杂志》2022年第4期372-378,共7页Chinese Journal of Neurology

摘　　要：神经系统自身免疫性疾病是神经病学领域的一大类疾病,兼具高致残性及高复杂性的特点。然而,这类疾病在全国范围内的发病率,即每年有多少新发病例这一基本问题,目前仍是空白。国家医院质量监测系统(HQMS)为罕见病的流行病学研究提供了科学的数据,HQMS信息获取的系统性、准确性和同质性为罕见病发病率的调查提供了独特的优势。目前基于HQMS的我国主要神经系统自身免疫性疾病的发病率研究已经完成并且陆续发表。文中以多发性硬化、视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病、急性播散性脑脊髓炎、吉兰-巴雷综合征、重症肌无力作为这类疾病的代表,结合临床实践与最新流行病学进展进行综述。发病率的调查有助于推断出这类疾病的患病率,对国家医保专病政策的制定等有重要参考价值。Autoimmune diseases of the nervous and muscle systems constitute a major disease category in neurology,characterized by high disability and heterogeneity.However,incidences for this group of disorders are still unknown in China at the national level.The emergence of the national Hospital Quality Monitoring System(HQMS)provides comprehensive data for epidemiological studies of rare diseases,and the systematism,accuracy and consistency during data collection of HQMS information provide a unique advantage for the investigation of the incidence of rare diseases.Currently,the incidence of major neurological autoimmune diseases based on HQMS has been accomplished and published.In conjunction with clinical practice and research progress of this field,the incidence studies of multiple sclerosis,neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder,acute disseminated encephalomyelitis,Guillain-Barrésyndrome,and myasthenia gravis are summarized.The completion of survey of disease incidence is instrumental to investigate the prevalence of this group of diseases.Ultimately,the outcome would benefit neurologists as well as health care policy makers.

关 键 词：自身免疫性疾病 神经系统疾病 发病率 医院质量监测系统 

分 类 号：R593.2[医药卫生—内科学]