基于随机前沿生产函数模型的医药企业创新效率实证研究  

An empirical research on innovation efficiency of pharmaceutical enterprises based on stochastic frontier production function model

作　　者：洪峰 徐慧芳 褚丹丹 王铁融 马琳 刘伟[1] HONG Feng;XU Huifang;CHU Dandan;WANG Tierong;MA Lin;LIU Wei(School of Management,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学管理学院,北京100029

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2022年第11期21-24,29,共5页China Medical Herald

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目(18YJCZH106);中央高校基本科研业务专项项目(2020-JYB-ZDGG-068)。

摘　　要：目的研究医药企业创新效率的现状及影响因素,为提高医药企业创新效率提供科学依据。方法以医药企业的研发人员数、经费数为投入指标,专利申请数为产出指标,采用随机前沿生产函数模型对2009—2019年化学药品制造、中成药生产和生物药品制造三类医药企业进行创新效率测算及比较。结果医药企业的创新效率整体呈现波动上升趋势。研发人员数、研发经费数的弹性系数分别为25.285(P<0.01)和-9.164(P<0.01),存在人力投入不足,资金投入过剩的现象。企业创新主体规模、研发人员规模和研发经费规模是专利产出效率的促进因素,企业研发积极性却呈现抑制作用。结论我国医药企业创新效率整体呈上升趋势,但存在研发投入不足,配置效率不高、行业发展不均衡的问题,亟须各相关方加大医药产业研发资源投入强度并优化配置,同时完善产业政策实现系统管理,并促使医药企业转变运营管理思路以提升管理质量。Objective To study the current situation and influencing factors of innovation efficiency of pharmaceutical enterprises,and provide a scientific basis for improving the innovation efficiency of pharmaceutical enterprises.Methods The number of personnel and expenditures in pharmaceutical enterprises’research and development were used as input indicators,and the number of patent applications was used as output indicators,the stochastic frontier production function model was used to calculate and compare the innovation efficiency of three types of pharmaceutical enterprises in chemical drug manufacturing,Chinese patent medicine manufacturing,and biological drug manufacturing from 2009 to 2019.Results The overall innovation efficiency of pharmaceutical enterprises showed a fluctuating upward trend.The elastic coefficients of the number of research and development personnel and the number of research and development expenditures were 25.285(P<0.01)and-9.164(P<0.01),there was a phenomenon of insufficient human investment and excess capital investment.The scale of enterprise innovation subject,the scale of research and development personnel,and the scale of research and development expenditure were the promoting factors of patent output efficiency,but the enthusiasm of enterprise research and development showed a restraining effect.Conclusion The overall innovation efficiency of pharmaceutical enterprises shows an upward trend,but there are problems such as insufficient research and development investment,low allocation efficiency,and uneven industry development.It is urgent for all relevant parties to increase the investment intensity of research and development resources in the pharmaceutical enterprises and optimize the allocation,improve industrial policies to achieve systematic management,and encourage pharmaceutical companies to change their operation and management thinking to improve management quality.

关 键 词：医药产业 创新效率 随机前沿生产函数模型 实证研究 

分 类 号：R95[医药卫生—药学]