服务于保险的桥梁施工阶段地震易损性分析  

Seismic vulnerability analysis of bridges in the construction stage for insurance

作　　者：李红旭[1] 黄勇[1] 郭恩栋[1] LI Hongxu;HUANG Yong;GUO Endong(Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Harbin 150080, China)

机构地区：[1]中国地震局工程力学研究所中国地震局地震工程与工程振动重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《哈尔滨工程大学学报》2022年第4期549-556,共8页Journal of Harbin Engineering University

基　　金：中国地震局工程力学研究所基本科研业务费专项(2018QJGJ06);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1504602).

摘　　要：为解决保险中建筑物施工阶段发生地震损失风险的出险概率、保险费率和赔付率难以准确厘定的问题,本文提出了施工阶段地震易损性的分析方法,并将其应用在保险精算中。采用增量动力分析法,以悬臂浇筑施工桥梁为例,针对墩底截面抗震能力及地震需求开展研究,对比分析了不同施工阶段地震易损性的差异,并给出了相应的保险防灾防损策略。研究表明:保险费率应随施工阶段浮动调整,为便于保险产品销售及风险管控,也可以采用各个施工阶段的工期权重算得的加权地震损失率作为保险费率估算依据;不同施工阶段的平均地震损失率差别较大,从大到小排序为:中跨合龙及整桥竣工的施工阶段、主梁悬臂施工阶段、下部结构施工阶段;二期恒载的施加,对桥梁地震易损性影响很小。A seismic vulnerability analysis method for construction stages is presented in this paper and applied in actuarial computation in order to solve the problem in the insurance of accurately determining the accident probability,insurance fee ratio,and loss ratio for buildings under construction suffering from seismic loss.By the Incremental Dynamic Analysis on a case bridge of cast-in-place cantilever construction method,the research is focused on the seismic capacity and demand of the pier bottom section.The differences in seismic vulnerability under different construction stages are compared and analyzed,and the insurance disaster and loss prevention strategies are presented accordingly.Some conclusions are drawn.First,the insurance fee ratio should change with different construction stages,and the weighted seismic loss rate calculated by the construction period weight of each construction stage can be used as the basis of insurance rate estimation for the convenience of insurance product marketing and risk management.Second,the mean seismic loss ratio changes dramatically in different construction stages,and it ranks in descending order as the construction stage of mid-span closure and the completion of the whole bridge,the cantilever construction stage of the main girder,and the substructure construction stage.Finally,the application of the secondary dead load has little influence on the seismic vulnerability of bridges.

关 键 词：桥梁工程 保险 易损性 施工阶段 地震 悬臂 易脆性 平均损失率 超越概率 

分 类 号：U445[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]