基于反射面天线的高分辨率星载SAR技术研究  

Research of High-resolution Spaceborne SAR Technology Based on Reflector Antenna

作　　者：谭小敏 党红杏[2] 刘昕[2] 孙嘉 高阳[2] 杨娟娟 安建平[1] TAN Xiaomin;DANG Hongxing;LIU Xin;SUN Jia;GAO Yang;YANG Juanjuan;AN Jianping(School of Information and Electronic,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;China Academy of Space Technology(Xi’an),Xi’an 710100,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学信息与电子工程学院,北京100081 [2]中国空间技术研究院西安分院,西安710100

出　　处：《航天器工程》2022年第2期1-11,共11页Spacecraft Engineering

摘　　要：星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)作为一种微波遥感载荷,具有全天时、全天候的特点。随着对复杂目标的细节描述需求不断提高,高分辨率星载SAR技术得到长足发展。文章介绍了基于反射面天线实现高分辨率星载SAR的系统技术,对系统功能及组成进行了描述。为解决距离、方位2维高分辨率成像及宽测绘带等系统关键难点,提出步进调频信号带宽合成、高稳定连续方位向扫描、变脉冲重复间隔(PRI)、距离向同时多波束等方案,并通过机载校飞试验验证了基于反射面天线的高分辨率SAR系统所采用的多子带宽带信号拼接、2维高分辨率成像、连续方位向扫描等技术的可行性。最后,从多方位角观测、2维多波束观测、大斜视角观测成像3个方面对基于反射面天线体制的高分辨率SAR系统前景进行展望。As an indispensable microwave payload for earth observation,spaceborne SAR(synthetic aperture radar)has the characteristics of all-day and all-weather imaging capacity.With the increasing requirements of military reconnaissance for detailed description of complex targets,the technology of high-resolution spaceborne SAR has made great progress.This paper introduces a system technology of high-resolution spaceborne SAR based on reflector antenna,and describes the system function and composition.To solve the two dimension high-resolution imaging and wide swath problems,the methods of stepped-frequency signal wideband synthesis,high stability continuous azimuth scanning,variable PRI(pulse repetition interval),range multi-beams are proposed.The effectiveness of high-resolution SAR system technology is verified by the airborne SAR flight tests.Finally,the future of high-resolution SAR system based on reflector antenna is prospected from three aspects,including multi-angle of view observation,two dimension beam observation and highly squint observation.

关 键 词：星载合成孔径雷达 反射面天线 高分辨率 同时多波束 

分 类 号：TN957[电子电信—信号与信息处理]