预旋结构对空间布雷顿循环涡轮盘表面换热特性的影响  

Effects of Pre-swirl Structure on Surface Heat Transfer Characteristics of Turbine Disks in Closed-Brayton-Cycle Space Power Systems

作　　者：张宗卫[1,3] 王钊 刘志宏 刘存良 刘聪[1] ZHANG Zongwei;WANG Zhao;LIU Zhihong;LIU Cunliang;LIU Cong(College of Aeronautical Engineering,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China;Shanghai Aerospace System Engineering Institute,Shanghai 201109,China;Tianjin Zhenxing Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300300,China;School of Power and Energy,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学航空工程学院,天津300300 [2]上海宇航系统工程研究所,上海201109 [3]天津市振兴化工有限责任公司,天津300300 [4]西北工业大学动力与能源学院,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《上海航天（中英文）》2022年第2期111-118,共8页Aerospace Shanghai（Chinese&English）

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费中国民航大学专项(3122021045)。

摘　　要：针对空间核动力航天器涡轮盘表面温度过高和温度梯度较大的情况,提出了一种预旋涡轮盘冷却结构。采用数值模拟的方法对比分析了有无预旋2种冷却结构下的涡轮盘表面换热特性,研究了旋转雷诺数对换热效果的影响。计算结果表明:与无预旋结构相比,预旋结构可以有效地提高氦氙冷却气流与涡轮盘的对流换热系数,降低其表面最高温度和温度梯度,最高温降可达63.1 K。随着旋转雷诺数增大,涡轮盘表面最高温度降低,轮盘表面平均换热系数增大,采用预旋结构的表面平均换热系数比无预旋结构增大13.4%。A pre-swirl turbine disk structure is proposed to solve the problems of excessive temperature and large temperature gradient of the turbine disk surface of space nuclear power spacecraft. The surface heat transfer characteristics of turbine disks with or without the pre-swirl cooling structure are analyzed by numerical simulation,and the influence of the rotational Reynolds number on the heat transfer effect is studied. The results show that the pre-swirl structure can effectively improve the convective heat transfer coefficient of the helium-xenon cooling air flow and the turbine disk,and reduce the maximum surface temperature and temperature gradient. The maximum temperature with the pre-swirl structure is 63.1 K lower than that without the pre-swirl structure. With the increase in the rotational Reynolds number,the maximum temperature of the turbine disk surface decreases,while the average heat transfer coefficient of the turbine disk surface increases. The average heat transfer coefficient with the pre-swirl structure is13.4% higher than that without the pre-swirl structure.

关 键 词：航天器 涡轮盘 预旋 冷却结构 换热特性 

分 类 号：V232[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]