算法规制工具的功能悖论及其法治实现  

The Function Paradox of Algorithm Regulation Tool and Its Realization of Rule of Law

作　　者：闫海[1] 王洋 YAN Hai;WANG Yang

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学法学院 [2]辽宁大学国家治理与法治研究中心

出　　处：《法治研究》2022年第2期105-113,共9页Research on Rule of Law

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“公共安全视野下个人信息公法保护研究”(项目编号:16BFX029)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：信息时代引发规制环境变迁,政府面临规制资源匮乏的窘境,公众的行权能力明显不足,数据资源被市场主体主导使用并塑造着信息社会的面貌和秩序,算法应当成为政府顺应时代挑战的规制工具之一。算法规制工具存在一系列功能悖论,诸如简化规制过程但忽视规制复杂性,减少规制的恣意但削弱法律决断的权威,避免人为规制错误但自身错误后果更严重,规制更精准但危及规制的公平性。为避免算法规制工具的功能悖论,应当适用平衡工具与人的主体性之间的关系、贯彻正当程序原则、严格审慎而不失灵活性的立法态度等法治要求,进而构建算法规制工具的内部优化和决策矫正的法治框架。The information age has triggered changes in the regulatory environment.The government is facing the dilemma of lack of regulatory resources.The public's ability to exercise rights is obviously insufficient.Data resources are dominated by market players and shape the appearance and order of the information society.Algorithms should become one of the regulatory tools for the government to meet the challenges of the times.Algorithmic regulation tools have a series of functional paradoxes,such as simplifying the regulatory process but ignoring the complexity of regulation,reducing the willfulness of regulation but weakening the authority of legal decision,avoiding human regulation errors but the consequences of their own errors are more serious,and the regulation is more precise but endangering the fairness of regulation.To avoid the functional paradox of algorithm regulation tools,it should be applied to the rule of law requirements such as balancing the relationship between tools and human subjectivity,implementing the principle of due process,strict and prudent and flexible legislative attitude.And then build a legal framework for the internal optimization of algorithm regulation tools and decisionmaking corrections.

关 键 词：算法 算法规制工具 功能悖论 信息失灵 程序正当原则 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]