中国北方砂岩型铀矿大规模成矿作用  

Large scale sandstone-type uranium mineralization in northern China

作　　者：金若时 滕雪明 JIN Ruo-shi;TENG Xue-ming(Tianjin Center,China Geological Survey,Tianjin 300170,China;North China Center of Geoscience Innovation,Tianjin 300170,China;Key Laboratory of Uranium Geology,China Geological Survey,Tianjin 300170,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心,天津300170 [2]华北地质科技创新中心,天津300170 [3]中国地质调查局铀矿地质重点实验室,天津300170

出　　处：《华北地质》2022年第1期42-57,共16页North China Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“战略性关键金属超常富集成矿动力学”;重大研究计划重点支持项目:“风成沉积体系砂岩型铀矿成矿作用(92162212)”;国际地球科学计划项目:“Sandstone-type Uranium Deposits(IGCP 675)”;国家重点研发计划项目:“北方砂岩型铀能源矿产基地深部探测技术示范项目(2018YFC0604200)”;中国地质调查局地质调查项目:“鄂尔多斯、柴达木等盆地砂岩型铀矿调查(DD201901199)”联合资助。

摘　　要：近年来,天津地质调查中心铀矿团队依托于一系列调查评价项目和科学研究项目,在中国北方砂岩型铀矿大规模成矿作用方面取得了一些新认识。中国北方具备优越的砂岩型铀成矿地质背景,砂岩型铀矿体多产在红黑岩系过渡的河流相、三角洲相、湖滨相等灰色砂体中,垂向分布、耦合产出的“红-黑岩系”为大规模砂岩型铀矿的形成提供了先决背景。砂岩型铀矿的形成受盆地构造-沉积演化的控制。盆地的跌宕构造运动不仅控制了沉积地层的空间展布,其间形成的构造斜坡带也为砂岩型铀矿的形成提供了有利空间。跌宕构造运动引发盆内大规模潜水流动,是导致大规模砂岩型铀矿形成的真正动力源。本文还从区域构造运动、成矿背景、成矿作用、铀成矿机制及综合找矿预测工作等方面,综合构建了中国北方中新生代陆相盆地砂岩铀研究理论体系,旨在为今后进一步的科学理论研究和找矿勘查提供重要参考。In recent years,depending on a series of investigation and evaluation projects and scientific research projects carried out by the Uranium Research Group of Tianjin Center,China Geological Survey,lots of new insights on large-scale sandstone-type uranium mineralization have been achieved.The widely coupled distributed"red black rock series"in northern China provide a prerequisite background for the formation of large-scale sandstone-type uranium deposits.Usually,the ore bodies are mostly carried in fluvial facies,delta facies and lakeside gray sand bodies that situated at the transition zone of the red and black horizons.The sandstone-type uranium mineralization is overall controlled by the tectono-sedimentary evolution of the basin.The periodically vertical tectonic movements not only control the spatial horizontal distribution of red-black strata,but also provide a favorable slope area for uranium mineralization.The water fluctuations caused by tectonic movements is the real driving force to the migration of the oxygen-uranium bearing fluid.This paper also summarized the theoretical system of sandstone-uranium mineralization in Meso-Cenozoic continental basins in northern China from the perspectives of regional tectonic movement,metallogenic background,mineralization,uranium metallogenic mechanism and comprehensive prospecting prediction,which could provide important reference for further scientific theoretical research and prospecting and exploration.

关 键 词：成矿地质背景 成矿作用 盆地演化 成矿模型 砂岩型铀矿 

分 类 号：P617[天文地球—矿床学] P619.14[天文地球—地质学]