小议小麦秸秆还田条件下水稻栽培化肥减量效果  

The Effect of Fertilizer Reduction in Rice Cultivation under the Condition of Returning Wheat Straw to Field was Discussed

作　　者：谢稷 XIE Ji(Agricultural Service Center of Yanqiao Town,Wuwei City Wuhu,Anhui 238381)

机构地区：[1]无为市严桥镇农业服务中心,安徽芜湖238381

出　　处：《现代农业研究》2022年第4期30-32,共3页Modern Agriculture Research

摘　　要：以纯N 105kg/hm^(2)、P2O590kg/hm^(2)、K2O112.5kg/hm^(2)为对照,不适宜施用废弃麦草。在氮、磷、钾含量依次下降10%、20%和30%的条件下,对比研究了麦秸还田条件下水稻种植的减肥效果。结果:我市化肥用量的减少缩短了不同施肥量对水稻生育期的影响。粉碎麦秸7500kg/hm^(2),由于氮磷钾施用量同比下降10%。与自身相比,化肥减量30%的处理技术与不使用麦秸的处理技术的研究产出差距很小,说明利用麦秸资源可以为水稻产量的形成提供学习需求,大幅增加养分。结论:将小麦秸秆还田技术与科学合理的施肥技术相结合,不仅可以丰富土地,减少施肥量,还可以提高作物的产量和品质。小麦秸秆还田对实现化肥零增长、减少土地面源污染具有重要意义,但亟待推广。Using pure N 105kg/hm^(2), P2O590kg/hm^(2), K2O112.5kg/hm^(2) as the control, it was not suitable to use waste wheat straw. The effect of reducing weight of rice planting under the condition of returning wheat straw to field was studied under the condition that the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium decreased by 10%, 20% and 30% respectively. Results: The reduction of fertilizer application in China shortened the effect of different fertilizer application on the growth period of rice.Crushed wheat straw 7500kg/hm^(2), due to the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium decreased by 10% year-onyear. Compared with itself, the research yield gap between the treatment technology with 30% fertilizer reduction and the treatment technology without wheat straw is very small, indicating that the utilization of wheat straw resources can provide learning needs for the formation of rice yield and greatly increase nutrients. Conclusion: The combination of wheat straw returning technology and scientific and rational fertilization technology can not only enrich the land, reduce the amount of fertilizer application, but also improve the yield and quality of crops. Returning wheat straw to the field is of great significance to realize zero increase of chemical fertilizer and reduce land non-point source pollution, but it is urgent to popularize it.

关 键 词：小麦秸秆 还田 水稻栽培 化肥减量效果 

分 类 号：S143-01[农业科学—肥料学]