含植被浑水的水动力特性和紊动特性试验研究  

Experimental Study on Hydrodynamic and Turbulent Characteristics of Muddy Water with Vegetation

作　　者：张晓雷 吴浩然 乔会超 李彬[2] ZHANG Xiaolei;WU Haoran;QIAO Huichao;LI Bin(North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China;China Water Resource Beifang Investigation Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水利学院,河南郑州450046 [2]中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司,天津300222

出　　处：《华北水利水电大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第2期37-44,共8页Journal of North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41930643);华北水利水电大学高层次人才科研启动项目(201909006);2021年河南省高校国家级大学生创新训练计划项目(202110078001);河南省科技攻关项目(222102320195)。

摘　　要：为了研究含植被浑水的水流特性,基于水槽试验分析了纵向流速、雷诺应力、相对紊动强度的分布情况。结果表明:①无植被时,沿垂线方向水流纵向流速分布呈“J”形;有植被时,受上游植被干扰的区域沿垂线方向其水流纵向流速分布呈“S”形,未受上游植被干扰的区域沿垂线方向其水流纵向流速分布呈“J”形。②在植被淹没状态下,雷诺应力最大值位于植物茎秆和下层叶片的过渡区域;在植被非淹没状态下,雷诺应力值自下而上呈现“S”形分布;在近底区域很小的范围内,雷诺应力值基本为零。③植被对水流相对紊动强度的影响横向、纵向的较大,垂向的较小;受植被叶片阻水扰流的影响,淹没状态的植被对水流相对紊动强度的影响较大,其最大值出现在枝叶相对茂密的区域,最小值出现在枝叶相对稀疏的区域。In order to study the hydrodynamic characteristics of muddy water with vegetation,the flume experiment was carried out to study the vertical distribution of longitudinal velocity,Reynolds stress and relative turbulence intensity.The experiment results show that:①in the absence of vegetation,the vertical distribution of longitudinal flow velocity is a shape of″J″.In the presence of vegetation,the vertical distribution of longitudinal flow velocity in the zone affected by upstream vegetation is a shape of″S″,and that in the zone unaffected by upstream vegetation is a shape of″J″;②when the vegetation is submerged,the maximum Reynolds stress is located in the transition zone between the stem and the lower leaves.When the vegetation is non-submerged,the vertical distribution of Reynolds stress is a shape of″S″from the bottom to the top of flow,and the Reynolds stress is close to zero in the small zone near the bottom;③the vegetation has a great influence on the relative turbulence intensity in the transverse and vertical direction,but has little influence on the relative turbulence intensity in the vertical direction.The relative turbulence intensity with submerged vegetation is larger due to the influence of vegetation leaves.The maximum value of relative turbulence intensity appears in the zone where vegetation branches and leaves are relatively dense,and the minimum value of relative turbulence intensity appears in the zone where vegetation branches and leaves are relatively sparse.

关 键 词：含植被浑水 水动力特性 流速分布 雷诺应力 相对紊动强度 

分 类 号：TV133[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]