聚天门冬氨酸和生物复合肥对日光温室番茄品质产量及氮肥利用率的影响  

Effects of Polyaspartic Acid and Biological Compound Fertilizers on Tomato Quality,Yield and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency in Solar Greenhouse

作　　者：丁俊洋 国艳春 田素波 王冠杰 林俊凤 王蕾 国家进 李英杰 辛晓菲 王伟 DING Junyang;GUO Yanchun;TIAN Subo;WANG Guanjie;LIN Junfeng;WANG Lei;GUO Jiajin;LI Yingjie;XIN Xiaofei;WANG Wei(Weifang Institute of Science and Technology,Shouguang 262700,Shandong,China;Shouguang Vegetable Industry Group Co.,Ltd.of Shandong,Shouguang 262700,Shandong,China;Shouguang Vegetable Industry Development Center,Shouguang 262700,Shandong,China;Shandong Vegetable Engineering and Technology Research Center Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 262700,Shandong,China;Facility Vegetable Technology Innovation Center of Shandong,Shouguang 262700,Shandong,China;Weifang Seed Valley Technology Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 261111,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]潍坊科技学院,山东寿光262700 [2]山东省寿光蔬菜产业集团有限公司,山东寿光262700 [3]寿光市蔬菜产业发展中心,山东寿光262700 [4]山东省蔬菜工程技术研究中心有限公司,山东潍坊262700 [5]山东省设施蔬菜技术创新中心,山东寿光262700 [6]潍坊种子谷科技有限公司,山东潍坊261111

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2022年第4期72-76,共5页China Vegetables

基　　金：潍坊科技发展计划项目;山东省重大科技工程项目(2019JZZY010707);山东省蔬菜产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-05)。

摘　　要：为减少化肥使用量,提高氮素利用率,在减施化肥的情况下研究肥料增效剂聚天门冬氨酸和ETS生物复合肥对设施番茄品质、产量及氮素利用率的影响。试验分早春茬和秋冬茬,设5个处理:不施肥(CK0);常规化肥(CK);化肥+聚天门冬氨酸(T1),氮素为CK的80%;ETS生物复合肥(T2);ETS生物复合肥+聚天门冬氨酸(T3),氮素为T2的80%。结果表明,施用聚天门冬氨酸和ETS生物复合肥可使番茄产量显著提高,营养品质也得到改善,植株各部分干质量增加,番茄植株对氮素吸收能力增强。早春茬和秋冬茬表现出相似的变化趋势,其中早春茬T3处理较CK番茄产量平均提高了16.47%,糖酸比提高38.12%,氮肥吸收利用率提高13.77百分点;T2处理较CK番茄产量提高18.83%,氮肥吸收利用率提高8.11百分点。综上,使用ETS生物复合肥替代化肥,在氮素减施20%的前提下配施聚天门冬氨酸可有效增加番茄产量,改善番茄品质,提高氮肥农学效率。In order to reduce the usage amount of chemical fertilizers and improve nitrogen use efficiency,this paper studied the effects of fertilizer synergist polyaspartic acid and ETS biological compound fertilizer on facility tomato quality,yield and nitrogen use efficiency under the condition of reduced application of chemical fertilizers.This experiment set early spring-cultivation,autumn and winter cultivation,and 5 treatments,including no fertilizer applied(CK0);conventional chemical fertilizer(CK);chemical fertilizer+polyaspartic acid(T1),N was 80% of the CK;ETS biological compound fertilizer(T2);ETS bioorganic fertilizer+polyaspartic acid(T3),N was 80% of the T2.The results showed that the application of polyaspartic acid and ETS biological compound fertilizer could significantly increase tomato yield,improve nutritional quality,increase dry mass quantity of each plant part,and enhance tomato ability to absorb nitrogen.The early spring-cultivation,autumn and winter cultivation showed similar change trends.Compared with the CK,in early spring-cultivation of T3 the average yield increased by 16.47%,sugar-acid ratio increased by 38.12%,nitrogen fertilizer absorbtion and utilization rate increased by 13.77 percentage point.Compared with the CK,in T2 tomato yield increased by 18.83%,nitrogen fertilizer absorbtion and utilization rate increased by 8.11 percentage point.In conclusion,using ETS bio-compound fertilizer to replace chemical fertilizer,and combined applying polyaspartic acid under the premise of reducing nitrogen application by 20% can effectively increase tomato yield,improve tomato quality,and enhance nitrogen agronomy efficiency.

关 键 词：聚天门冬氨酸 生物复合肥 番茄 产量 化肥减施 氮肥农学效率 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S626[农业科学—园艺学]