太原市冬、夏季醛酮化合物污染特征及来源分析  

Pollution Characteristics and Sources of Aldehydes and Ketones in Winter and Summer in Taiyuan

作　　者：畅云霞 李凡修[1] 陈炫[2] CHANG Yunxia;LI Fanxiu;CHEN Xuan(School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434023,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学化学与环境工程学院,湖北荆州434023 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2022年第2期37-45,共9页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：国家大气重污染成因与治理攻关项目(DQGG-05-11)。

摘　　要：针对太原市空气臭氧污染较为严重的问题,开展臭氧主要前体物醛酮化合物质量浓度及其变化规律研究。利用2,4-二硝基苯肼固相吸附/高效液相色谱方法,通过对太原市2019年冬季和夏季大气的醛酮化合物进行分析,发现太原市冬季总醛酮化合物的平均质量浓度为13μg/m^(3),低于夏季的27μg/m^(3)。其中甲醛、乙醛和丙酮质量浓度最高,且甲醛和丙酮在夏季的质量浓度远高于冬季。冬季三者质量浓度在污染天和良好天分别呈现了双峰和单峰日变化;夏季甲醛和乙醛的质量浓度、大部分丙酮质量浓度呈现了双峰日变化,但甲醛和乙醛在上午、丙酮在18:00—20:00出现了最高值。三者质量浓度与CO质量浓度在冬季呈正相关,在夏季无相关。研究表明:冬季甲醛、乙醛和丙酮主要来自机动车尾气排放;夏季甲醛、乙醛和丙酮主要来自光化学反应二次生成,机动车尾气和植物排放对三者也有一定贡献。In view of the serious ozone pollution in Taiyuan,a city on the Loess Plateau,this paper studies the concentration and variation of the main precursors of ozone compounds.The mass concentrations of aldehydes and ketones in winter and summer of Taiyuan in 2019 were measured by using 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine solid-phase adsorption/high performance liquid chromatography technique,it was found that the average concentration of total aldehydes and ketones in winter of Taiyuan was 13μg/m^(3),lower than that of 27μg/m^(3)in summer.Among them,the concentrations of formaldehyde,acetaldehyde and acetone were the highest,and the concentrations of formaldehyde and acetone were much higher in summer than in winter.In winter,the diurnal variations of the three concentrations in polluted and good days were bimodal and unimodal,respectively.In summer,the concentrations of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde and most acetone showed a bimodal diurnal variation,but the highest values of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde appeared in the morning and acetone between 18:00 and 20:00.There was a positive correlation between the three concentrations and CO concentration in winter,but no correlation in summer.The study showed that formaldehyde,acetaldehyde and acetone mainly come from automobile exhaust emissions in winter.Formaldehyde,acetaldehyde and acetone are mainly generated by photochemical reaction in summer,and vehicle exhaust and plant emissions also have certain contribution.

关 键 词：醛酮化合物 质量浓度 时间变化 比较 来源 

分 类 号：X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]