毛乌素沙地与浑善达克沙地水分深层渗漏特征对比  

Comparison of deep soil recharge characteristics between Mu Us Sandy Land and Hunshandake Sandy Land

作　　者：梁海荣[1,2] 王涛 杨宇 冯伟 廉泓林[2,5] 刘雪锋 李佳陶[1] 刘佳[1] Liang Hairong;Wang Tao;Yang Yu;Feng Wei;Lian Honglin;Liu Xuefeng;Li Jiatao;Liu Jia(Inner Mongolia Academy of Forestry Science,Hohhot 010010,China;Inner Mongolia Low Coverage Sand Control Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Hohhot 010010,China;Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Xilingol Vocational College,Xilinhot 026000,Inner Mongolia,China;Desert Science and Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区林业科学研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古低覆盖治沙科技开发有限公司,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃兰州730000 [4]锡林郭勒职业学院,内蒙古锡林浩特026000 [5]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2022年第2期69-76,共8页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2021MS03102);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2019ZD003);国家自然科学基金项目(41661006,41771306)。

摘　　要：深层渗漏是沙地地表水和地下水连通性的重要指标。为了深入分析不同沙地深层渗漏的特征,采用渗漏仪实时监测流动沙丘降雨对200 cm深层的补给水量。结果表明:浑善达克沙地2017—2019年降雨量为229.9±45.6 mm,年渗漏量8.2±7.4 mm、年渗漏量占同期降雨量3.1%±2.3%;毛乌素沙地2013—2015年降雨量328.1±61.1 mm,年渗漏量64.1±58.3 mm、年渗漏量占同期降雨量17.0%±13.7%。浑善达克沙地流动沙丘的渗漏主要为持续而少量的水分补给,其中<0.25 mm的渗漏补给日数最多;毛乌素沙地主要来自于>0.25 mm的渗漏补给,降雨量大小及其分布格局是影响沙地深层渗漏的主要因素。当降雨量较小时深层渗漏是以持续、长时、量小的补给方式为主;降雨量较大或者连续的小降雨事件不但会明显增加渗漏的补给量,而且会减小水分渗漏滞后性,使其波动与降雨变化更为一致。Deep soil recharge(DSR)is an important indicator of the connectivity between surface water and groundwater in sandy land.In order to analyze the characteristics of DSR in different sandy land with different precipitation gradients,this study used a newly designed Lysimeter to monitor the amount of DSR in 0-200 cm depth soil layer by the annual precipitation of mobile dunes in real time.The results of the study showed that the annual precipitation amount in the Hunshandake Sandy Land from 2017 to 2019 was 229.9±45.6 mm,the average annual leakage was 8.2±7.4 mm,and the annual DSR accounted for 3.1%±2.3%of the annual precipitation.The average annual precipitation in Mu Us Sandy Land from 2013 to 2015 was 328.1±61.1 mm,the average annual DSR was 64.1±58.3 mm,and the annual DSR accounted for 17.0%±13.7%of the annual precipitation in the same period.The DSR of the mobile sandy dunes in the Hunshandake Sandy Land was mainly due to the continuous but small amount of precipitation recharge.Among the precipitation events,the daily recharge amount of less than 0.25 mm of DSR was more frequent.On the contrary,the daily recharge amount of more than 0.25 mm of DSR was more frequent in the Mu Us sandy land.When the precipitation was small,the DSR was mainly continuous,long-term,but small amount.Large precipitation amount or continuous small precipitation events not only significantly increased the amount of DSR,but also made the delay time of DSR shorter,and the fluctuation frequency of precipitation fluctuation was consistent with the fluctuation frequency of DSR.

关 键 词：毛乌素沙地 浑善达克沙地 流动沙丘 深层渗漏 降雨格局 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]