1960—2020年辽宁沙尘强度特征  

Temporal-spatial distribution of sand dust intensity during 1960-2020 in Liaoning

作　　者：赵明[1] 周春晓 李崇[2] 刘硕 赵胡笳[3] Zhao Ming;Zhou Chunxiao;Li Chong;Liu Shuo;Zhao Hujia(Liaoning Meteorological Observatory,Shenyang 110166,China;Shenyang Meteorological Observatory,Shenyang 110166,China;Institute of Atmospheric Environment,China Meteorological Administration,Shenyang 110166,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省气象台,辽宁沈阳110166 [2]沈阳市气象台,辽宁沈阳110166 [3]中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所,辽宁沈阳110166

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2022年第2期113-120,共8页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41875157)。

摘　　要：基于1960—2020年辽宁56个气象站地面观测资料,计算沙尘强度指数,应用回归方程、M-K非参数检验和相关分析等得到辽宁沙尘天气的年际分布特征。结果表明:影响辽宁的主要沙尘天气是扬沙,其次是浮尘、沙尘暴。影响辽宁东南部和南部的主要沙尘天气是浮尘,影响其他地区的主要沙尘天气是扬沙。辽宁沙尘强度呈显著减弱趋势,2010年后减弱尤为明显。1960—1979年沙尘强度最大。沙尘强度突变发生在1988年。月均沙尘指数最强月份是4月。西北海拔略高地区沙尘强度高,减弱快,东南低海拔地区沙尘强度低,减弱慢。辽宁沙尘强度春季最大,减弱最快。本溪站秋季沙尘强度有增大趋势,其他站四季均呈减弱趋势。平均风速降低、大风日数减少和最低气温升高是辽宁沙尘强度减小的重要原因。Based on the surface observation data from 56 meteorological stations during 1960-2020 in Liaoning,the sand dust intensity index is used to analyze the dust weather of Liaoning.Applying regression equation,Mann-Kendall Test and correlation analysis,the paper investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of dust weather.The results indicate that the main dust weather affecting Liaoning is blowing dust,followed by floating dust and sand storms.The main dust weather is floating dust in the southeast and south part,while the other area is floating dust.The sand dust intensity in Liaoning has decreased significantly,especially since 2010.The strongest period is 1960-1979.The mutation occurred in 1988.The strongest monthly average sand dust intensity is in April.The high value areas of the sand dust intensity are in the northwest part in higher altitudes,with the fastest decrease,while the low value areas are in the southeast part in low altitudes.The intensity of sand dust is the strongest in spring,with the fastest decrease rate.The intensity of sand dust at Benxi has an increase rate in autumn,while other stations show a decreasing rate in all seasons.The decrease of the wind speed and the gale days,and the rise of the minimum temperature are the main reasons for the weakening of dust intensity in Liaoning.

关 键 词：沙尘天气 沙尘强度指数 时空演变 气象因素 辽宁 

分 类 号：P458.11[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]