我国煤炭应急供给存在的问题及对策建议  

Problems and countermeasures of coal emergency supply in China

作　　者：朱朦 贺斌 李德波 张宗玟 鲁功达 ZHU Meng;HE Bin;LI Debo;ZHANG Zongwen;LU Gongda(China International Engineering Consulting Corporation,Haidian,Beijing 100048,China;Mingda Ocean Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Chaoyang,Beijing 100013,China;Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610065,China)

机构地区：[1]中国国际工程咨询有限公司能源业务部,北京市海淀区100048 [2]中国国际工程咨询有限公司,北京市海淀区100048 [3]明达海洋工程有限公司,北京市朝阳区100013 [4]四川大学,四川省成都市610065

出　　处：《中国煤炭》2022年第4期17-21,共5页China Coal

摘　　要：煤炭稳定供应对我国经济发展和能源安全具有重要意义,我国“富煤、贫油、少气”的资源禀赋,决定了在重大自然灾害、战争、国外遏制等极端情况下,煤炭应能承担起国家能源安全的兜底保障作用。通过梳理我国煤炭应急保供体系的形成过程,分析了当前煤炭应急保供体系建设面临的挑战与问题,提出建设以“现货储备+产能储备”为模式、以“交通枢纽+消费侧”储备为布局的煤炭应急保供体系,并建议制定相应的优惠政策、激励机制;同时应加强监测预警,以有效应对煤炭供应出现严重短缺、供应中断、价格剧烈波动等问题以及其他能源应急事件。The stable supply of coal is of great significance to China's economic development and energy security.China's resource endowment characteristics of rich coal,poor oil and gas determine that coal should be able to play a bottom suppoting and guarantee role in ensuring national energy security under extreme circumstances such as major natural disasters,wars and foreign containment.By combing the formation process of China's coal emergency supply guarantee system,the challenges and problems faced by the construction of the current coal emergency supply guarantee system were analyzed,the construction of a coal emergency supply guarantee system with the mode of spot reserve plus capacity reserve and the layout of transportation hub plus consumption side reserve was put forward.It was suggested that corresponding preferential policies and incentive mechanisms should be formulated,and monitoring and early warning should be strengthened to effectively deal with coal supply serious shortage,supply interruption,sharp price fluctuation and other problems and energy emergencies.

关 键 词：能源安全 煤炭调运 煤炭应急供给 储备基地 

分 类 号：TD-9[矿业工程]