输血不良反应的特点及影响因素分析  

Analysis of Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Adverse Transfusion Reaction

作　　者：黄秀凤[1] 颜沛云[1] 庄大造 江燕 HUANG Xiufeng;YAN Peiyun;ZHUANG Dazao;JIANG Yan(Gaozhou People’s Hospital,Gaozhou 525200,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]高州市人民医院,广东高州525200

出　　处：《中外医学研究》2022年第9期170-173,共4页CHINESE AND FOREIGN MEDICAL RESEARCH

摘　　要：目的:分析输血不良反应特点及影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月-2021年6月高州市人民医院78 295例输血患者的临床资料。统计分析所有输血患者情况,主要内容包括输血不良反应发生例数、输血不良反应类型、输血不良反应事件级别、输注血液成分及输血不良反应分布科室。记录患者年龄、性别、血型情况,调查患者既往有无输血史。采用Logistic回归分析法分析输血不良反应影响因素。结果:输血不良反应发生率为0.15%(115/78 295),其中非溶血性发热反应41例,占比35.65%,急性免疫性轻微过敏(红疹或荨麻疹)74例,占比64.35%。红细胞类输血不良反应占比最高,为64.35%(74/115),其次为血浆,占比为29.57%(34/115)。输血不良事件主要以Ⅲ级事件为主,占比为68.70%(79/115)。内科输血不良反应比例最高,占比为32.17%,其次为外科,占比为26.09%。多因素分析显示女性、输血史及年龄≥18岁均是发生输血不良反应的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:高州市人民医院输血不良反应主要集中于内科与外科,以Ⅲ级事件为主,其中红细胞类输血不良反应比例最高,输血不良反应与患者年龄、性别及输血史有关,应加强输血知识培训,掌握指征,保障输血安全性。Objective:To analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of transfusion adverse reactions.Method:The clinical data of 78 295 patients with blood transfusion in Gaozhou People’s Hospital from January 2018 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.The situation of all transfusion patients was statistically analyzed,including the number of cases of adverse transfusion reactions,types of adverse transfusion reactions,levels of adverse transfusion reactions,blood transfusion components and distribution departments of adverse transfusion reactions.The patients’ age,gender and blood type were recorded,and whether the patient has a history of blood transfusion was investigated.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of adverse transfusion reactions.Result:The incidence of adverse transfusion reactions was 0.15% (115/78 295),including 41 cases of non hemolytic fever reaction,accounting for 35.65%,and 74 cases of acute immune mild allergy (erythema or urticaria),accounting for 64.35%.The adverse reactions of red blood cell transfusion had the highest proportion,accounting for 64.35% (74/115),followed by plasma,accounting for 29.57% (34/115).The adverse events of transfusion were mainly grade Ⅲ events,accounting for 68.70% (79/115).The proportion of adverse transfusion reactions in internal medicine was the highest,accounting for 32.17%,followed by surgery,accounting for 26.09%.Multivariate analysis showed that female,transfusion history and age ≥18 years old were independent risk factors for the occurrence of adverse transfusion reactions (P<0.05).Conclusion:In Gaozhou People’s Hospital,adverse transfusion reactions mainly occurr in internal medicine and surgery,with grade Ⅲ events as the main events,and the proportion of red blood cell transfusion adverse reactions is the highest.Adverse transfusion reactions is related to patients’ age,gender and transfusion history,so transfusion knowledge training should be strengthened to grasp the indications and ensure transfus

关 键 词：输血反应 非溶血性发热 红细胞输注 影响因素 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学]