大兴安岭白桦低质林改培效果的综合评价  

Comprehensive Evaluation of Effect of Transformation and Cultivation of Betula platyphyll Low-quality Forest in Daxing’an Mountains

作　　者：秦世立 曲杭峰 Qin Shili;Qu Hangfeng(Daxing’anling Forestry Group Corporation,Jagedaqi 165000;Key Laboratory of Forest Sustainable Management and Environmental Microorganism Engineering of Heilongjiang Province,Northeast Forestry University)

机构地区：[1]大兴安岭林业集团公司,黑龙江加格达奇165000 [2]森林持续经营与环境微生物工程黑龙江省重点实验室(东北林业大学)

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2022年第3期19-24,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504103)。

摘　　要：以大兴安岭白桦(Betula platyphylla)低质林为研究对象,对其进行带状改培和块状改培。4种带状改培宽度分别为6 m(S1)、10 m(S2)、14 m(S3)、18 m(S4),6种块状改培面积分别为25 m^(2)(G1)、100 m^(2)(G2)、225 m^(2)(G3)、400 m^(2)(G4)、625 m^(2)(G5)、900 m^(2)(G6),在带状改培和块状改培试验样地分别栽植樟子松(Pinus sylvestris)、兴安落叶松(Larix gmelinii)、西伯利亚红松(Pinus sylvestris)促进林分更新。通过对生物多样性、土壤理化性质、枯落物持水特性等38项生态指标建立评价模型,运用主成分分析法评价大兴安岭白桦低质林的改培效果。结果表明:不同试验地改培效果的综合得分由高到低依次为S2(0.741)、G2(0.641)、S3(0.471)、G3(0.193)、G1(0.135)、S4(-0.005)、G4(-0.097)、S1(-0.175)、G5(-0.396)、CK(-0.619)、G6(-0.888)。其中,带状改培宽度10 m的改培带综合得分最高,块状改培面积100 m^(2)的综合得分最高,说明这两种改培模式效果较好,适合大兴安岭白桦低质林的改培。Taking Betula platyphylla low-quality forest in Daxing’an Mountains as the research object, strip cultivation and block cultivation were carried out. The widths of the four strips were 6 m(S1), 10 m(S2), 14 m(S3) and 18 m(S4), respectively. The areas of the six kinds of block cultivation were 25 m^(2)(G1), 100 m^(2)(G2), 225 m^(2)(G3), 400 m^(2)(G4), 625 m^(2)(G5) and 900 m^(2)(G6), respectively. Pinussylvestris, Larix gmelinii and P. sibirica were planted in strip and block plots to promote stand regeneration. With the evaluation model of 38 ecological indexes, such as biodiversity, soil physical and chemical properties, and water holding characteristics of litter, principal component analysis was used to evaluate the improvement effect of low-quality Betula platyphylla forest in Daxing’an Mountains. The comprehensive score of different experimental sites was in descending order of S2(0.741), G2(0.641), S3(0.471), G3(0.193), G1(0.135), S4(-0.005), G4(-0.097), S1(-0.175), G5(-0.396), CK(-0.619) and G6(-0.888). Among them, the comprehensive score of strip cultivation zone with width of 10 m was the highest, and the comprehensive score of block cultivation zone with area of 100 m^(2)was the highest, indicating that these two cultivation modes have good effects and are suitable for the cultivation of B. platyphylla low-quality forest in Daxing’an Mountains.

关 键 词：大兴安岭 低质林 改培效果 综合评价 

分 类 号：S75[农业科学—森林经理学]